Uruk - Mesopotamian Capital City in Iraq

The ancient Mesopotamian capital of Uruk is located on an abandoned channel of the Euphrates river about 155 miles south of Baghdad. The site includes an urban settlement, temples, platforms, ziggurats, and cemeteries enclosed in a fortification ramp almost ten kilometers in circumference. Uruk was occupied as early as the Ubaid period, but began to show its importance in the late 4th millennium BC, when it included an area of 247 acres and was the largest city in the Sumerian civilization. By 2900 BC, during the Jemdet Nasr period, many Mesopotamian sites were abandoned but Uruk included nearly 1,000 acres, and it must have been the largest city in the world. Uruk was a capital city of various importance for the Akkadian, Sumerian, Babylonian, Assyrian, and Seleucid civilizations, and was abandoned only after AD 100. Archaeologists associated with Uruk include William Kennet Loftus in the mid-nineteenth century, and a series of German archaeologists from the Deutsche Oriente-Gesellschaft including Arnold NÃ ¶ldeke. Sources This glossary entry is a part of the About.com Guide to Mesopotamia and part of the Dictionary of Archaeology. Goulder J. 2010. Administrators bread: an experiment-based re-assessment of the functional and cultural role of the Uruk bevel-rim bowl. Antiquity 84(324351-362). Johnson, GA. 1987. The changing organization of Uruk Administration on the Susiana Plain. In The Archaeology of Western Iran: settlement and society from prehistory to the Islamic Conquest. Frank Hole, ed. Pp. 107-140. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press. --- 1987. Nine thousand years of social change in western Iran. In The Archaeology of Western Iran: settlement and society from prehistory to the Islamic Conquest. Frank Hole, ed. Pp. 283-292. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press. Rothman, M. 2004. Studying the development of complex society: Mesopotamia in the late fifth and fourth millennia BC. Journal of Archaeological Research 12(1):75-119. Also Known As: Erech (Judeo-Christian bible), Unu (Sumerian), Warka (Arabic). Uruk is the Akkadian form.

Essay on The Influential Life of Christopher Marlowe

During the Renaissance era, Christopher Marlowe impacted and inspired many of his fellow playwrights during his short life. With the success of his plays and poems, some including Tamburlaine the Great and Hero and Leander, came the praise for Marlowe’s contemporaries. According to Peter Farey, there were notably few contemporary dramatists whom had anything negative to say about Marlowe, although he received much criticism regarding his personal life. His relatively clean reputation diminished after his first arrest in 1593 and rumors of suspected corruption. It is believed by a copious amount of scholars that Marlowe was a considerably controversial individual in the eyes of spectators during the 16th century. After all, many harbored a†¦show more content†¦However, he was fortunate enough to be selected at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge on another scholarship from a former Archbishop of Canterbury named Matthew Parker. The dramatist left Canterbury for universi ty near the end of 1580 and received his B.A. degree in 1584 and later his M.A. several years later. Throughout his relatively short lifespan, Christopher Marlowe flourished remarkably as an artist because of the fruition of his plays and poems. The dramatist’s first play, Tamburlaine the Great, was performed on a classic stage in 1587 in London. This play was the first English play to be written in blank verse and has been deliberated to be the beginning of the more mature phase of the Elizabethan theatre. The dramatist also wrote in iambic pentameter, which â€Å"became very popular before the end of this age† (Escoala). Marlowe wrote a total of seven plays and two poems, including Tamburlaine the Great (parts one and two), Doctor Faustus, The Massacre at Paris, and â€Å"Hero and Leander.† The immense success of Marlowe’s plays is partly because of the stage presence of actor Edward Alleyn. The role of Tamburlaine in Tamburlaine the Great was most like ly written for him, for Alleyn was awfully tall for the time period and the character of Tamburlaine is described to be rather â€Å"haughty.† Above all, Marlowe was admired for his contemporaries during the Renaissance era, with George Peele remembering him asShow MoreRelatedChristopher Marlowe Protests: The Moral of Doctor Faustus Essay883 Words   |  4 Pageswith the medieval ideal in mind, however, I believe this is not so. I believe that Marlowe subscribed to the renaissance view of the world, and Doctor Faustus was intended to express Marlowe’s outrage at the consequences of seeking knowledge or thinking differently during the Elizabethan era. Marlowe rejects all previous authority just as Faustus does, and with them, Faustus rejects the ideals of the previous era. Marlowe goes as far as demonizing mainstream society through Mephistopheles. MephistophelesRead MoreEssay about Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus713 Words   |  3 Pages Christophe r Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus is a psychological study of inner struggle. One of the most prominent themes in Doctor Faustus is the conflict between good and evil within the human soul. Marlowe’s play set the precedent for religious works concerned with morals and suffering. The play is centered on the title character, Doctor Faustus who is painted by Marlowe as an ambivalent character who is easily led down a path of agnostic tendencies. Doctor Faustus is a divided figuredRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Passionate Shepherd Of His Love And Nazrul s My Love2097 Words   |  9 Pages ---T.S Eliot Abstract 1. Christopher Marlowe and Kazi Nazrul Islam are very much similar in expressing exhilarations of romantic love in their two songs of romantic mode â€Å"The Passionate Shepherd to His Love’’ and â€Å"My Love† respectively. In both songs, romantic poetic zeal is used to revealRead MoreEssay on Shakespeare as a Real Man in Shakespeare in Love2553 Words   |  11 Pagescharacters. Shakespeare in Love combines in a way both. The film applauds the brilliance of Shakespearean writing through the lines directly taken from Shakespeare, while at the same time exploring a fictional depiction of his true love and life. When you deconstruct the script, Shakespeare in Love is built in perfect Shakespearian form. Virtually a Shakespearean plot in itself, it mixes a great story with bits and pieces of history (whether fact or not); lies and deception;Read MoreAnalysis of Twelfth Night Essay685 Words   |  3 Pages William Shakespeare, arguably the most important writer in all of English Literature, is certainly the most influential playwright of the English Renaissance. Born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon in rural northern England, he was the son of a middle class glove maker. Competing against such illustrious company as Christopher Marlowe and Ben Johnson, Shakespeare quickly became one of the most popular playwrights in the city of London, and a favourite of the monarch, the powerful Queen ElizabethRead MoreChristopher Marlowe And Kazi Nazrul Islam1831 Words   |  8 PagesChristopher Marlowe and Kazi Nazrul Islam are very much similar in expressing their romantic love in their two songs â€Å"The Passionate Shepherd to His Love’’ and â€Å"My Love† respectively. In both songs, romantic zeal is used to reveal the speakers’ indomitable passions for two maidens—presumably young and pretty girls. In the two songs, the speakers express their passionate appeal to their beloveds to come and live with them. The intense love they fee l inside bursts out in the way they offer a seriesRead MoreThe Reign Of Queen Elizabeth I And The Elizabethan Era1787 Words   |  8 PagesThe Elizabethan Era also known as the golden age in English history is associated with the reign of Queen Elizabeth I and the Elizabethan Theater. Although life was not easy during the Elizabethan era it was one of the most progressive times in history and marked the beginning of the Elizabethan theatre which still to this day influences theatre and the way theatre is presented . The Elizabethan Era began in 1588 and ended in 1603 during Queen Elizabeth I reign England s capital and largest cityRead MoreEssay about Elizabethan Theater1308 Words   |  6 PagesMorality plays were more serious and meant to teach people the difference between right and wrong (Lace, 78). Mystery plays, while still teaching morals, were the more entertaining plays. Both were highly religious. The actors of the time led an ambiguous life. In the first half of the 16th century they were seen as little better than thieves; some, in fact, were thieves (Lace, 73). While some actors were performing others would go through the crowds and pick pocket (Lace, 74). Touring companies were smallRead MoreReview Of Doctor Faustus 1883 Words   |  8 PagesLawrence Crockett Mrs. Prater Honors Composition and Literature Faustian Bargain Essay I. Introduction The book â€Å"Doctor Faustus† was adapted from the play originally created by Christopher Marlowe. The play was made in the Renaissance era, an era where people weren’t primarily concerned about God nor fearing him. During this time people questioned their faith and expanded their knowledge and power, and the character Faustus was made to interpret the dangers going beyond human boundaries to haveRead MoreEssay on An Exploration of Love Poetry1691 Words   |  7 Pages To His Coy Mistress by Andy Marvell and The Passionate Shepherd to His Love by Christopher Marlowe support this pre-dominant image of love during the 16th and 17th century. Both poets juxtapose the time period in which the poems were written. The characters in the poems both see women as sexual objects; furthermore they both try to show men as the stronger and more influential sex. These two poems convey their message in very dissimilar styles. The two poems

Holly Bobo Free Essays

It is not completely known that an actual crime has occurred, there hasn’t been enough evidence to prove that there has been a crime. I would want to interview her 25 years old brother, Clint. He reported seeing her being taken into the woods by a white male with all camouflage clothing. We will write a custom essay sample on Holly Bobo or any similar topic only for you Order Now He said he only saw the back of this male and thought it was her boyfriend until he walked outside and saw some blood in front of their house. I would interview Clint because he was the last person that saw Holly and he also saw the man that kidnapped her. I would ask questions about the man who he saw take her. Also, about the path that this man took her. Finally, if he has noticed any weirdness from his sister the past couple of days or weeks. Then, I would want to interview Heather Sullivan, which is a woman in her town, she was approached by a man a couple of months before Holly’s disappearance, but she was so startled that she dropped the glass lamp that she was holding. When she dropped it got her boyfriends attention and he scared the man off. I would like to get from her details about the man that tried to kidnap her and see if Clint and her details maybe match up. Finally I would like to interview Whitney Duncan, which is her cousin. I would want to find out how close they were and if they talked on a regular basis and if she noticed anything not normal with her. I would obtain criminal records from each of these people and see if they’ve had any criminal history in the past that might pertain to this case. Also, I would want to obtain phone and text message records from each person. I would want to identify if there were any subspecies phone calls or text messages. I would want to collect the hair that was stuck to the piece of duck tape. This evidence could tell investigators who the hair belongs to and what part of the body it has came from. Also, I would want to collect her cell phone, this can prove to investigators who she made calls to and if there were any strange or threatening text messages. Also, it could have finger prints other than Holly’s. I would investigate the blood that was found at her home to find out if it belonged to Holly. Finally, I would want to obtain the lunch box that was found in the woods. It could provide investigators with finger prints if their were any other than hers. All the evidence would be carefully placed in the right kind of container or bag. Once it is placed in the right container, it would need to be tagged with the time, location, name of the person that collected it; then it is sent off to the lab to be investigated. Once they are done it is sent off for more investigation and it should be labeled with the names of the person sending it off, the time, and location. The primary scene is Holly’s home from where she was abducted from. This is the primary because it is the main place as to where the abduction occurred. The secondary scene is the woods. This is because this was the place where she was taken to after being abducted from her home. Then, there is another scene that the public or investigators don’t know about yet because there hasn’t been any other evidence leading to another scene. As for the other persons that would be investigated and records obtained from I would also obtain the phone and text messages records from Holly as well. These records would be important because it would tell investigators if there were any unusual phone calls or text messages sent or received from Holly. Also, I would investigate her Facebook and Myspace to find out if there were any unusual things going on through her social network sites. The locard exchange principle can apply to this case if her body has been found mostly. It is possible that other fibers can be found on the duck tape that the hair is stuck to. Also, some could be on the cell phone near the ear piece if the perpetrator used her cell phone. His DNA can possibly be on the ear piece of the phone. If people that Holly knew were ruled out I would suspect that maybe a neighbor that has been stocking her could be a potential perpetrator. It could be anyone that knew her schedule and her parents schedule. Whoever abducted her had to have known that her parents were gone and that she left for school at a certain time. I would document where all the evidence was found, the times it was found, and who found the evidence. I would document all the details that witnesses know about the perpetrator that abducted her. I would find out if anyone in the neighborhood saw a complete stranger just hanging around. If someone saw that then it could be a potential stalker of Holly. I would have of course TBI because it did happen in Tennessee so they would have to be involved in this case. I would also have FBI involved in this case because it is possible that they have traveled out of the Tennessee area. Of course volunteers they can be a big help in trying to find clues that lead to the end of a crime. I would also keep posting it on TV because some things can jog someone’s memory and that could lead you to your suspect. One possible motive could be that it was someone that wanted to date her and she didn’t want to date them so they wanted to get at her and her boyfriend and cause harm to her. Another could be that it was an ex-boyfriend and she didn’t want to have any contact with him or they ended on bad terms, which could have set him off and caused him to do this to her. Finally, another motive could have been just some random stranger that had been stalking her and knew that she left at a certain time in the morning for school and knew that her parents were gone and didn’t know her brother was still in the house and he could have just wanted to cause harm to her. I think these are viable motives because really it is only possible that someone that knew her schedule could commit this. A theory could be that her ex-boyfriend wanted to still be with her and he knew that she was with someone else and he didn’t like that she was. So he wanted to get back at her. He knew that she was on her way to school so he parked his car on a road behind the woods and when he saw her at her car went and grabbed her and made her come with him. He could have put the duck tape over her mouth and she ripped it off and that’s when he made her walk to his car. She had the lunch box still in her hand when they went in the woods and he could have made her drop it and then they drove off and went to another location. Another theory could be that a stalker could have just been planning to kidnap and harm this young lady. So he would watch her a lot and see the times her parents and her left and then the morning of April 13th he walked through the woods and went and grabbed her and made her walk through the woods to a car and he took her to another destination. It is possible that maybe her parents owed someone money for something that they were doing on the side and since they weren’t home and they saw that Holly as leaving the house they decided to abduct her and harm her as well. Finally, it is possible that a coworker could have had some kind of beef with her about something and they wanted to come abduct her and take her away from her family. So they watched her throughout a couple of days and figured out the times nobody was home and when she was on her way to school. And when she went out to her car someone jumped out of the woods and grabbed her and took her with them and they are at another location that investigators haven’t discovered yet. How to cite Holly Bobo, Papers

Foothold Of Businesses Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theEnhances Foothold Of Businesses. Answer: Introduction In business world, collaborating with other entities is a common concept. Partnerships, joint ventures, mergers and collaboration enhances the foothold of businesses in the market they command and thereby letting them achieve their strategic goals. Keeping this in mind, 5 different holiday resorts are going to be merged to form a single entity called Monet. Monet would thus be able to provide a variety of options to its end customers including Hotel rooms, Hostels, Homestays, and Villas etc. Monet would be operational via one single website and would also have mobile version of the site as well as a mobile app. The report would cover the key issues in this merger as well as strategies and opportunities for collaboration. Decisions Taken up by the Management A monetloyalty card would be announced with which regular customers would be able earn points with each bookings and would then be able to redeem those points against several options. The website and mobile app would be made interactive so as to provide a high level of engagement for the users. The same website would be used to book properties from all 5 resort brands. A core ERP solution would be developed that would not just integrate and assimilate operations from one restaurant but all of the 5 chains. Set of Assumptions Terms and conditions have been pre-decided and had been mutually agreed upon. The various different functionalities and end user features as well as capabilities for the backend system has already been determined. (Popp, 2017). The needed costs for collaboration as well as estimation has already been arranged. The schedule has already been pre-determined. Information System (IS) v/s Information Technology (IT) The domain of technology is a huge area and there are many jargons and technical terms that are used. Some of these terms are used only by technology enthusiasts or experts or other established people in the industry. However, there are a few terms that are synonymous with the word technology. Two of these terms are IS or Information systems or IT information technology. These two are entirely different concept and have different meaning, purpose and utility. IS stands for the domain that covers information management, information quality as well as information availability and associated activities. Information sets that are included with different operations such as addition, storage, deletion, updating or backup etc. are considered as issues under IS. (El-Awad, 2017) On the other hand Information Technology (IT) is an area which comprises of the entire technological infrastructure including hardware, software and services. IT used in the context of enterprise operations are different than IT used in the context of personal and entertainment options. The enterprise use of IT consists of both telephony as well as use of computer technology. Within these two sub-domains there are lot of tools being used to carry out day-to-day tasks of a business. IT issues includes technical, operational as well as infrastructural issues. (Bruni, 2014) Issues under IS The issues that impact on information stored in the database or information flowing via networks include the following : Confidentiality Attacks The confidentiality of information may be impacted because of several attacks via information breach, leakage, insider threat or motivated hacker attacks as well as virus and malware. Integrity based attacks Deliberate, incidental or accidental attacks may make permanent or temporary change in the information ultimately causing the information loose integrity. Availability attacks A large enterprise or an organization having dependency on information stored may suffer heavily with attacks such as denial of service attacks or other web based attacks. Performance Performance of operation would not be adequate owing to change made in standard set of practices. There could be issues with communication among the different parties that are involved leading to challenges in understanding as well as wrong execution of operations. The issues mentioned earlier would ultimately lead to severe complications with the IS being used for the Monet. The customers demands are usually for an uninterrupted service with no lags, downtime or data corruption. These expectations become a challenge owing to the nature of operation of the business and the issues mentioned above. Additionally, the customers may tend to turn towards the alternatives and competition that are present in the market. This would result into bad reputation in the marke as well as decreased revenues. Additionally, brand recognition will suffer leading to competitors cannibalizing into the brand's market share. Issues under IT Various tools should be used in order to make monet successful. These includes development of website, creating mobile application, database administration and maintenance. There could be a technical error or some issues that could disrupt the integration or proper functioning. (Antunes, 2014). With presence of different tools as well as applications there could be integration and compatibility issues which could arise. (Secundo, 2017). This would give a way to breakdown of the system as well as the sub-components as the underlying systems may not work without a proper integration. The issues and their frequency of occurrence would ultimately lead to a significant implication for the system that could indirectly harm monet. As costumers always expect and demand uninterrupted service without any downtime or lags, this expectation would not be met due to such issues. This would result into bad reputation in the marke as well as decreased revenues. Additionally, brand recognition will suffer leading to competitors eating into the brand's market share. (Fengel, 2014) The underlying hardware and software and the services being used by Monet needs to be robust. Typically during a peak load which could happen in the case of Monet during travel season or holidays, web-applications tend to get extremely slow or crash altogether. These issues are not only faced by small companies but also by large corporations such as Dropbox, Microsoft and Google. Such downtimes or performance issues does not go well with the customers when they are trying to book properties or accessing their bookings. This is because, at this point of time, they would be quick to switch to their competitors or spread the word out via social platform resulting into serious negative New Customers Strategies and Decision Making Success of any business could be determined by several key performance indicators. However, among these, the easiest is via customer base and the customer satisfaction. As costumers base widens and more customers join the bandwagon, it's a sign that says the company is providing good service. Gaining customer base and thereby increasing market share is a important part of any business. Below some of these techniques to enhance and grow the customer base are enumerated: There are large number of customers already on board with the five hotels. However, assimilating under single brand roof would prove to beneficial for everyone. At the same time costumers would be rewarded with introductory offers in order to join the bandwagon at Monet. Customers who visit frequently or are the oldest ones would be introduced to privilege membership with exclusive rewards. Marketing is an important medium to allow customers be informed with latest developments about the business, as well as for awareness and brand development. Customers would buy services only when they're completely aware about the product and it's terms and conditions and have developed confidence and faith with the brand. Monet should also make use of all kinds of marketing channels at disposal with special focus to channels that are cost-effective such as the social media. As such social platforms would be used to create a highly targeted advertisements that reach to end customers of the brand as well as new customers. Since market is changing due to new entrants in all kinds of segments as well as the business itself is going through a transformation, it is important to keep an eye out on the market. This is to ensure that the services being offered are as per the market and suits the needs and preferences of customers. The monet team should use advanced analytical and costumer listening tools to study and keep abreast with the latest happenings in the market.(Wamba, 2017). The different types of services including types of rooms, time of stay, duration of stay etc along with the associated services shall help fulfill the needs of all kinds of customers. The strategies that are to be used for marketing and brand positioning must also factor in the categories of customers such as solo traveler, family and business travelers. In today's world a business entity looking to engage customers from the web cannot survive without online payments. Therefore, the site should make use of online payments including major card companies, banks, mobile payment getaways as well as e-wallets. The payment should passthrough a secured gateway and there should be end-to-end encryption. With important time of the seasons such as summer vacation or Christmas holidays etc a tailored marketing campaign should be executed that provides customers with specific offers and benefits so that they're encouraged to visit monet. (Brocke, 2014) Allowing customers to pre-book different services would also be a game changer for Monet. Business travelers especially may put in a request to have their Laundry done every day or request to have a desk and office chair available or even booking a small meeting room within the property. At the same time, family travelers may pre-book a nanny for their young ones or have yoga instructors or tour-guides pre-booked. This would enable such travelers to save time as well as the stress of searching and booking them once they are already at the hotel. New Business Opportunities Costumers in the present day are looking for solutions which offers an integrated service for their needs. This trend has been observed in different lifestyle and hospitality segments. Customers prefer an all-in-one integrated solution that allows them to book flight, hotel, plan a trip and have cab and other services included within the package. Monet should actively seek such business opportunities that allows them to integrate well with other ancillary business and thereby remain competitive in the business: As soon as a customer books a package with the service, they should be allowed with tailored itinerary with best of the destinations and 'things to dos' thereby creating an automated itinerary for them. Monet must also partner with different transportation agencies and cab aggregator services for systems cities so as to provide them with comfortable trip. (Giudice, 2016). A rapid and irreversible changes are happening in these segments and thus the demand for services are evolving continuously. It is therefore imperative for monet team to use advanced analytical and costumer listening tools to study and keep abreast with the latest happenings in the market. Monet can tie up with independent travel guides as well as recruit freelance local guides from platforms such as Withlocals.com, Toursbylocals.com among others. A mutual agreement between these two platforms would result into long-term mutual benefit between the two ushering into increased sales, better brand recognition as well as free-marketing. Monet team must continuously be studying customer patterns as well as frequency of travelers, services preferred along with choices of offers and deals that the customers like more. They can use this learning to improvise Monet eventually. (Ferretti, 2016). Monet should also partner with independent and local freelancing service professionals that provide services in the lifestyle and hospitality segment. These includes services such as Yoga professionals, chiropractors, massage therapists, gym instructors among others. People traveling for business purposes or even leisure purposes solo or in groups with family and friends may use such services. Also, people going on stay-cations and longer vacations are the perfect choice for such services as they would be recipient of such services at their hometowns and may seek such services when they are on a trip as well. Monet may also partner with Gyms, Saunas, Spas and other lifestyle service providers across the town in which they are present. Under this mutual-beneficial agreement, they can provide them access to such places at a discounted rate or even entirely free. The end result is brand exposure for both the parties involved as well as development of long-term loyalty and trust. As such, those lifestyle service providers may get a chance to expose their brands to a certain segment of travelers within the hotel with hoardings, banners and pamphlets while at the same time the hotel gets to promote this as an add-on service leading to increased revenue and a greater chance of visibility among the competition. At the same time, Monet may also be able to tap into the ever-growing food industry. This can be done by partnering with specific restaurants present in the vicinity of the property and allowing customers to place orders from these restaurants via the centralized helpdesk present at their property. So travelers would not just be able to enjoy cuisines provided by Monet but also the numerous different restaurants and food joints that are present in the vicinity. Travel and tourism industry has seen tremendous growth with advancement in transportation and with lowering costs of transportation. However, there's another trend that has come up in recent years. People now are also booking for destinations that offer off-beat locations and lesser known locations. However there's a challenge with these locations as they don't offer good places to stay. Monet can use advanced analytical tools and observe such trends and come up with properties at such locations ultimately grabbing the market share of that area. With the current lifestyle, people are also looking for weekend stays as well as longer stay-cations. Such trends are quite new and there are limited business operating in these areas. Monet may capitalize such market with the sheer strength of their enlarged operations owing to the merger. Monet must use advanced marketing tools to craft a highly targeted campaigns that would attract such crowds. Conclusion As the hospitality sector continues to expand, it is attracting a large number of players too. These players come in all shapes and sizes including hotels and resorts owned by the largest companies in the world as well as newly funded startups. Monet thus tread on this path carefully and must adapt to the evolving trends in the business. As such, they must make use of modern marketing tools at their disposal. At the same time, they must evolve their marketing strategies because such new marketing platforms require modern marketing campaigns and would not work with marketing campaigns that were once suited in the pre-internet era. Since, 5 different chains are merging together to create one large entity, the knowledge and learnings must be shared in between them so and together they could end up becoming a strong force in the market. There are few issues with IT and IS as mentioned earlier in the report, however, those issues can be managed with effective planning and also by incorpor ating a sound risk management plan. Ultimately, how well Monet executes the overall plan would determine the success of their operation in the long run as a single entity irrespective of the fact that they were already successful earlier. References Antunes, A. (2014). MUVE IT: reduce the friction in business processes, 20(4), 571-597. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/BPMJ-07-2013-0093 Brocke, J. (2014). Ten principles of good business process management, 20(4), 530-548. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/BPMJ-06-2013-0074 Bruni, A. (2014). Entrepreneuring together: his and her stories. International Journal Of Entrepreneurial Behavior Research, 20(2), 108-127. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2011-0187 Chasserio, S. (2014). When entrepreneurial identity meets multiple social identities: Interplays and identity work of women entrepreneurs, 20(2), 128-154. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-11-2011-0157 El-Awad, Z. (2017). Entrepreneurial learning and innovation: The critical role of team-level learning for the evolution of innovation capabilities in technology-based ventures, 23(3), 381-405. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-06-2016-0177 Fengel, J. (2014). Semantic technologies for aligning heterogeneous business process models, 20(4), 549-570. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/BPMJ-07-2013-0085 Ferretti, M. (2016). Internet of Things and business processes redesign in seaports: The case of Hamburg, 22(2). https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/BPMJ-05-2015-0079 Giudice, M. (2016). Discovering the Internet of Things (IoT) within the business process management: A literature review on technological revitalization, 22(2), 263-270. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/BPMJ-12-2015-0173 McBurney, P. (2015). The Knowledge Engineering Review. Retrieved from https://www-cambridge-org.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/core/journals/knowledge-engineering-review Orlitzky, M. (2015). The politics of corporate social responsibility or: why Milton Friedman has been right all along, 1(1), 5-29. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ASR-06-2015-0004 Popp, A. (2017). Enterprise Society. Retrieved from https://www-cambridge-org.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/core/journals/enterprise-and-society Secundo, G. (2017). Entrepreneurial learning dynamics in knowledge-intensive enterprises, 23(3), 366-380. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-01-2017-0020 Wamba, S. (2017). Big data analytics and business process innovation. Business Process Management, 23(3). https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/BPMJ-02-2017-0046

Raddison Hotels

Radisson Hotels are located in a number of the developed countries in the world. What are the peculiarities of their management strategy? How are these features connected with the local peculiarities and problems which can be experienced in Radisson Hotels all over the world?Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Raddison Hotels specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The main problem which is connected with the features of the management in Radisson Hotels in Dubai depends on the high level of business competition within the industry in the region. It is also associated with the issues of the hotel management and the programs of the customers’ support. The problem of the high level of business competition in the field of hotel industry which can be observed in Dubai influences the position of Radisson Hotels in the range of the most successful hotels of the country and of the world. The major aspects of the p roblem are connected with the elements of the general program of improving the principles of management and service in Radisson Hotels and with the peculiarities of their realization in Dubai. To improve the quality of the service and realize the contemporary tendencies in the management processes, the program of cooperation with the customers and employees were worked out in Radisson Hotels. The main principles of the program were directed to increasing the quality of service with using the results of the customers’ feedbacks and to implementing modern strategies in the work with employees. The main idea of the program’s realization was in providing guarantees for the service of the highest level and in orienting on the customers’ satisfaction with the peculiarities of the service and the work of the personnel. According to the program, definite procedures and measurements were made. The managers and economists of Radisson Hotels in Dubai have analyzed the firs t results of the strategy which was used in the hotels and concluded that the processes of decreasing the amount of the guests and the level of their satisfaction with the services can be connected with the peculiarities of the strategies which are realized by the main competitors of Radisson Hotels in the region. The situation of the customers’ dissatisfaction with the services in Radisson Hotels is not related to the objective or current problems in the management organization in the hotels because it is discussed in comparison with the situation in the other hotels in Dubai. It is the effects of the rapid growth of the competitiveness among them.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Nevertheless, in spite of the fact that there are no drawbacks in the peculiarities of the management and organization in Radisson Hotels in Dubai, it is necessary to work out a new innovative strategy of the development in order to raise the level of the guests’ satisfaction with the service in the hotels. Radisson Hotels are promoted as the hotels which provide the service with the orientation on the customers’ needs and comfort. However, these principles require their analysis and further development and improvement with references to the contemporary trends and changes in the sphere of hotel management. The main perspectives of the development can be realized in the field of increasing the employees’ motivation and the usage of greater variety of information technology because today Dubai is one of the leading and progressive modern centers. Thus, to solve the problem with the peculiarities of the management in Radisson Hotels in Dubai which depends on the high level of business competition within the industry in the region, it is important to change the main approaches to the strategies and management programs in the hotels. The histo ry of Radisson Hotels began in 1909 when the first hotel was opened by heiress Edna Dickerson in Minneapolis, Minnesota, in the United States of America. It was the beginning for the flourishing development of the company which today has its hotels in 73 countries all over the world. Edna Dickerson planned to build the first-class hotel which could satisfy all the customers’ requirements. The first hotel was named after the French explorer of the 17th century Pierre Esprit Radisson. This great idea was proposed by N. H. Owen, a businessman, whose office was located in the hotel. The first great 16-storey hotel in Minneapolis employed only 250 people. Today the chain of Radisson Hotels employs more than 130,000 people. The first Radisson Hotel was so famous among the public that even the march was composed by Franz Dicks and named after the hotel.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Raddison Hotels specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/ page Learn More In 1938 Curtis L. Carlson established the corporation which developed rapidly in the industry of hotel business and presented several marketing groups. This company purchased the successfully developed Radisson Hotel and gave the start for worldwide spreading of the company’s influence in 1962. A new age for Radisson Hotels came. A lot of hotels were built in many countries. Nowadays those Radisson Hotels which are located in different regions of the world are known as Radisson Blu in Europe, Africa, and Asia and as Radisson Edwardian Hotels which are situated in the United Kingdom. The main office of Radisson Hotels and of Carlson Company is traditionally located in Minneapolis, Minnesota, because the majority of hotels from Radisson Group are situated in the USA. Today Carlson companies include Carlson Hospitality Worldwide, Carlson Leisure Group, Radisson Hotels, Radisson Seven Seas Cruises, and many other foundations. This research paper on Raddison Hotels was written and submitted by user Masque to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Post Civil War United States

Post Civil War United States After the Civil War the United States witnessed the greatest movement of people in it’s history. The area of settlement more than doubled. With this expansion the United States encountered many new problems which required new solutions. Between 1865 to about 1877 the United States was going through a reconstruction period. Society as well as Government had to be reconstructed especially in the post war South. The changes the Civil War brought also brought up new ways to go about handling the changes and making them stick. Two if the major changes that had to be addressed were the Economic and Social structures had to be rebuilt. The Political system had to be reconstructed as well. There were no blacks in office and that had to change with the new emancipation. Black people were to have a say in what went on. In 1863 Lincoln proposed his â€Å"10 Percent† Reconstruction plan. Lincoln’s suggestions were provoking very sharp reactions in congress. They feared that Lincolns Plans would create a situation for re-enslavement and other major slave issues. In 1864 Republicans created the Wade-Davis Bill. It was in turn vetoed by Lincoln which enraged the republicans. A year later in 1865 Lincoln was assassinated. Only for office to be taken by Andrew Johnson who shared many of the same beliefs as Lincoln. With the end of the Civil War also came emancipation of blacks. This was very big in many ways. Black people were never before considered citizens and they had no rights a white man or woman had. Emancipation was not taken to right away by the states. Some states took longer to recognize emancipation than others. Many black people found themselves being re-enslaved even after emancipation. Some were attacked by slave owners as they tried to gain freedom from the emancipation. The Slave owners even went as far as killing blacks who tried to escape saying that slavery was lawful unles... Free Essays on Post Civil War United States Free Essays on Post Civil War United States Post Civil War United States After the Civil War the United States witnessed the greatest movement of people in it’s history. The area of settlement more than doubled. With this expansion the United States encountered many new problems which required new solutions. Between 1865 to about 1877 the United States was going through a reconstruction period. Society as well as Government had to be reconstructed especially in the post war South. The changes the Civil War brought also brought up new ways to go about handling the changes and making them stick. Two if the major changes that had to be addressed were the Economic and Social structures had to be rebuilt. The Political system had to be reconstructed as well. There were no blacks in office and that had to change with the new emancipation. Black people were to have a say in what went on. In 1863 Lincoln proposed his â€Å"10 Percent† Reconstruction plan. Lincoln’s suggestions were provoking very sharp reactions in congress. They feared that Lincolns Plans would create a situation for re-enslavement and other major slave issues. In 1864 Republicans created the Wade-Davis Bill. It was in turn vetoed by Lincoln which enraged the republicans. A year later in 1865 Lincoln was assassinated. Only for office to be taken by Andrew Johnson who shared many of the same beliefs as Lincoln. With the end of the Civil War also came emancipation of blacks. This was very big in many ways. Black people were never before considered citizens and they had no rights a white man or woman had. Emancipation was not taken to right away by the states. Some states took longer to recognize emancipation than others. Many black people found themselves being re-enslaved even after emancipation. Some were attacked by slave owners as they tried to gain freedom from the emancipation. The Slave owners even went as far as killing blacks who tried to escape saying that slavery was lawful unles...

MGMT 3000 Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

MGMT 3000 - Term Paper Example It is in 1974 that the term burnout was first coined, Herbert Freudenberger being the man behind its invention. Tracy 2000 in her research defined organizational burnout as the alienation and general wearing out from work related pressures (Maslach, Leiter & Schaufeli 394) . Several theories have been postulated by many a psychologist in an attempt to explain burnout and its effects. The level of one’s burnout is a direct influence of the way stress is processed by an individual. It is also noted that an individual may be experiencing a few stressors yet he/she may not be able to process the stresses which eventually results in burnout. On the other hand, another individual may be subjected to numerous stressors all of which he/she may well process and therefore not experience burnout. There are a number of tests that one can be subjected to determine if a person will or is experience burnout according to Dierendonck, Schaufeli and Buunk (395). Indeed many psychologists admit that burnout is greatly related to work although it can also result from certain personality traits (such as being perfectionist) and lifestyles (Maslach, Leiter & Schaufeli 401). The way a person spends his/her downtime and their perspective of the world can for example can lead to burnout at work or at home. Some of the main causes of burnout include long working hours and continual surveillance from peers, customers and superiors especially at work, overly demanding expectations at work, doing work that lacks challenge or is monotonous, having no control over work and working under intense pressures. Having less sleep, lack of supportive relationships, having too many responsibilities and overworking are some of the lifestyles that could cause burnout. In general, it is noted that at work, the condition leads to low performance and output while it can also affect one’s health as it increases the chances

Drugs and safety of teens Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Drugs and safety of teens - Essay Example The easy availability of drugs at street corners, students’ hang-out places and even residential areas facilitates the teenagers to remain vulnerable to such drugs. The most worrisome factor that concerns most of the parents is the addictive nature of drugs, as chemical reactions caused by intake of same stimulate and excite the brain; resulting in excessive dependence on these substances repeatedly. As there is no restriction or limitation on the availability of drugs, most teens become victim of drug overdose. This has dangerous repercussions and consequences that can harm the victim mentally and physically, lifelong. Side effects of drugs While discussing on the side-effects of drugs, it is essential to understand that varied substances have different product mix and accordingly can cause several types of side-effects. However many intoxicants like alcohol and amphetamines have direct affect on human brain, as teens start consuming same for stimulation. Amphetamines are ava ilable in different forms like pills, injections or powder that can be snorted and inhaled, which causes the severe damage by getting into the blood stream. However, alcohol, being widely used in our society, is the single most addictive substance that is consumed by teenagers for getting the required stimulation. While it affects our normal brain functions like reflexes, coordination and judgment, teens try to consume an overdose of the same to escape from their psychological pressure and stress. The immediate relief experienced by them with intake of lighter drugs is responsible for the youngsters to upgrade for consuming life threatening substances like inhalants and injections that directly attack the blood cells. Due to their immediate results, in terms of experiencing the height of excitement, teens are tempted to consume such drugs, regularly. In addition, they are available freely everywhere.(Vranken, 2008) Laws and the usage of drugs Referring to the usage of drugs, I regre t to underline that laws meant for preventing the drug abuse have remained irrelevant, as same could not stop their consumption by the teenagers. Contrary to the same, many teenagers have been fined and detained in the juvenile homes and rehabilitation centers. In such detention centers teenagers are placed in custody for violating the laws, mainly for their own and the society’s safety. (Hicks). However, they can interact with hardened criminals, at such centers, which can prove harmful and dangerous for their whole life. Considering such consequences of drug usage, these teenagers are closely watched by the relevant authorities, to ensure that they pay-off their debts and behave in a perfectly normal manner. Repercussions of alcohol consumption Reports of various studies conducted for this purpose have highlighted the dangerous consequences of alcohol consumption. One publication from USA government, â€Å"Prevention Alert†, has listed the side effects of teen alcoho l abuse, which include learning impairments in youngsters that can severely damage their academic career. In one study, it has been found that alcohol dependant teens, in the age group of 15-16, had difficulty in remembering words and simple geometric designs, after a short

Modern Myths Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Modern Myths Paper - Essay Example sidered a prize we deserve on the simple merit of being American and something we feel entitled to start enjoying while we’re still young enough to enjoy it. Although each person has a different idea of exactly what constitutes a dream vacation, or even the American Dream, there is a shared concept of something enticingly sweet, highly desirable, reasonably attainable and intended just for them. A great deal of energy and attention is given to the concept of the American Dream, but while most people seem to have this concept of a tantalizing treat drifting just out of their reach, few have any clue as to just where they’d go if they could. Because the concept seems to be universally understood, very few people discuss the idea of the American Dream to any great extent, but without any form of real definition, it remains puzzling just how anyone might be able to determine when or if they have ever reached it. The American Dream has some common elements such as a house, l eisure time and the natural result of average effort, yet each individual must realize that their idea of home and their concept of leisure might be vastly different from another person’s. Without actually defining what comprises the individual dream, it is impossible to discover it. The process becomes the activity with no real idea of the goal and no true direction to get there. For most people, it’s just supposed to happen. Growing up, many of us have been under the impression that we are entitled to the American Dream because we are Americans and our forefathers won it for us. For a lot of us, this has meant not having to actually work hard for what we want because it was earned for us already. However, we go off the track when we start trying to define what that dream is. According to John E. Nestler, â€Å"the American Dream has undergone a metamorphosis from principle to materialism †¦ When people are concerned more with the attainment of things than with the maintenance of

Strategies for Forecasting Emergency Department Demand

Strategies for Forecasting Emergency Department Demand A Multivariate Time Series Approach to Modeling and Forecasting Demand in the Emergency Department Introduction: Reports by the General Accounting Office, American College of Emergency Physicians, and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) depict an overburdened United States crisis care framework described by congestion and patient consideration delays. From 1993 to 2003 crisis division (ED) visits expanded by 26% while the quantity of EDs diminished by 9%. These shifts in supply and interest have made a situation in which numerous EDs consistently work at or past their composed limit. A 2002 study charged by the American Hospital Association found that roughly 66% of every last one of EDs overviewed accept that they are working at or above limit. The same study found that the impression of congestion is absolutely related with the intricacy of administrations the doctors facility offers and is more predominant among clinics in urban settings. Notwithstanding having an antagonistic effect on patient and clinician fulfillment, ED congestion has malicious impacts on the both the quality and timetables of consideration conveyed in the ED. Expanding interest consolidated with developing lack of ED administrations makes the productive allotment of ED assets progressively imperative. In their report, the IOM prescribes that clinics use data innovation and utilization operations research techniques to end up more productive [3]. Interest anticipating is one such technique, determining is a broadly pertinent, multi-disciplinary science, and is a fundamental movement that is utilized to guide choice making in numerous zones of financial, mechanical, and experimental arranging. Demonstrating and anticipating interest is a dynamic territory of request among crisis medication scientists. Models and strategies that may be valuable for giving choice backing continuously for operational and asset portion errands have been quite compelling. A mixture of distinctive techniques have been proposed as suitable method for gauging request in the ED, a percentage of the proposed routines are: uni-variate time arrangement demonstrating, r ecreation displaying, queuing hypothesis, and machine learning strategies. The last goal was to investigate the potential utility of our multivariate determining models to give choice backing continuously for available to come back to work attendant staffing. The capacity to powerfully conform and assign staffing assets is prone to develop in significance as regulations obliging doctors facilities and EDs to hold fast to medical caretaker staffing proportions get to be more normal. The most settled samples of such government regulations exist in the condition of California where healing facilities have been obliged to watch particular patient-to-medical caretaker proportions subsequent to 2004. These regulations are questionable; in any case, government regulation of patient-to-attendant staffing proportions in different parts of the nation is plausible and pertinent enactment is being proposed on both the state and Federal levels. In spite of the fact that medical attendant staffing proportions remain politically dubious, the logical proof is convincing th at these proportions have a critical effect on nature of consideration, and a powerful group of writing has amassed showing that decreases in the patient-to-attendant proportion are connected with huge diminishments in mortality, unfavorable occasions, and patient length of sit tight. Methods: Study design: This was a review study utilizing totaled information for the year 2006 that was extricated from ED data frameworks. The neighborhood institutional survey board sanction this study and waived the necessity for educated assent. Study setting: This study was led utilizing information gathered from three healing centers worked by Inter-mountain Healthcare, a not-for-profit incorporated conveyance arrange that works clinics and facilities in Utah and southern Idaho. The three clinics were picked in light of the fact that they change in size and setting and the way in which the ED interfaces with whatever is left of the clinic. Table beneath gives unmistakable measurements to every clinic, and extra significant office attributes take after. Table 1  Operational descriptive statistics for three hospitals and hospital emergency departments (ED) Hospital Inpatient beds Trauma designation Teaching hospital ED beds (hall beds) Dedicated laboratory POCT Dedicated radiography Dedicated radiologist service Average hospital occupancy (SD)†  1 270 NA No 27 (5) No No No Yes 69.08% (15.16%) 2 475 Level I Yes 25 (7) No Yes Yes No 81.88% (9.22%) 3 350 Level II No 28 (4) Yes No Yes Yes 82.23% (9.59%) Hospital Average ED patients per day (SD) Average ED patient wait time (SD) Average ED patient LOS (SD) Admission rate Average ED patient board time (SD) Hospital occupancy >90% 1 144.75 (18.08) 33.78 (26.95) 168.81 (114.47) 9.50% 105.54 (69.22) 5.75% 2 108.20 (12.50) 23.07 (17.23) 183.47 (106.07) 21.20% 77.86 (54.88) 21.37% 3 120.60 (16.50) 50.24 (41.56) 185.38 (112.97) 14.50% 109.48 (97.88) 25.48% Point of care laboratory testing. † Average midday (12 pm) inpatient hospital occupancy during 2006.  §Percent of time midday census exceeded 90% during 2006. Data collection and processing: Information for this investigation were extricated from Intermountain Healthcares Oracle based electronic information distribution center. Accumulated hourly information were separated by means of SQL questions. Measures of statistics were gathered for every hour. ED patient evaluation was spoken to as the tally of patients either sitting tight for or getting treatment in the ED. Inpatient enumeration was characterized as the quantity of patients possessing an inpatient bed. Interest for research facility assets was measured as the quantity of lab batteries (e.g., complete blood check) that were gathered amid a given hour (e.g., 12:00:00–12:59:59). Preparatory examination showed that 26 basic lab batteries (Appendix A) represented pretty nearly 80% of the research facility volumes at the EDs included in this investigation. With a specific end goal to better study the effect of inpatient request on ED request we verified that it would be most fitting to cutoff our examination t o a center arrangement of research facility tests for which a noteworthy increment popular inside or remotely could have harmful impacts on ED operations. Thusly, just this center arrangement of 26 research facility batteries was incorporated in our numbers of ED and inpatient lab volumes. Comparative basis drove us to center our investigation on the interest for radiography and CT, as these two modalities represented right around 90% of the interest for radiology administrations at the EDs examined. We gathered the quantity of radiography and CT examining requests for every hour from the ED and inpatient healing center. Extra variables gathered incorporate hourly numbers of patient entries. All variables gathered and included in our investigation are abridged in Table underneath. Table 2Time series variables collected for analysis and inclusion in multivariate forecasting models Variable Definition ED arrivals Count of patients arriving to the ED during a given hour ED census Count of patients waiting for or receiving service in the ED on the hour ED laboratory orders Count of laboratory batteries ordered in the ED during a given hour ED radiography orders Count of radiography orders made in the ED during a given hour ED computed tomography (CT) orders Count of CT orders made in the ED during a given hour Inpatient census Count of patients occupying an inpatient bed on the hour Inpatient laboratory orders Count of laboratory batteries ordered in the inpatient hospital during a given hour Inpatient radiography orders Count of radiography orders made in the inpatient hospital during a given hour Inpatient CT orders Count of CT orders made in the inpatient hospital during a given hour Outcome measures Out-of-sample forecast accuracy was assessed for forecast horizons ranging from one to 24à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¦h in advance by calculating the mean absolute error (MAE). The MAE is a frequently used and intuitive measure of forecast accuracy that measures the magnitude of the deviation between the predicted and observed values of a given time series. For a series of predicted valuesand the corresponding series of observed values (y1,y2,†¦,yn) (1) Model validation and forecasting Our essential target was to assess the legitimacy of our models as far as their capacity to give precise post-test conjectures of registration and of the interest for indicative assets in the ED. This was finished through a reproduced post-test estimating situation in which we incrementally extended the preparation set by 1à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¦h and afterward produced figures for every single endogenous variable for skylines going from one to 24à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¦h ahead. This methodology empowered us to create one to 24à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¦h ahead figures for every one of the 840à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¦h in the acceptance set. We assessed the estimate precision of our models by registering the MAE for every figure skyline (1–24à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¦h). We analyzed the gauge exactness attained to utilizing the VAR models to a benchmark uni-variate guaging technique. The benchmark strategy picked was occasional Holt-Winters exponential smoothing. Exponential smoothing is a standout amongst the most common determining strategies and in light of its prosperity and incessant utilization we felt that it gave a reasonable benchmark. The last goal was to investigate the potential utility of our multivariate determining models to give choice backing continuously for operational and asset designation undertakings. To do this we assessed the oppressive force of the yield from our gauging models in anticipating cases when satisfactory patient-to-medical attendant proportions would be surpassed. We utilized the four to one ED patient to ED attendant proportion that is commanded by the condition of California as our reference standard of an adequate patient-to-medical caretaker proportion. We characterized any occurrence where the watched ED registration surpassed the normal ED statistics by four or more patients (i.e., the ED is understaffed by a full attendant) as a case of under-staffing. We confirmed that in these cases it would be valuable to have propelled cautioning that would empower an extra RN to be reached preceding the adequate patient-to-attendant proportion being surpassed. Keeping in mind the end goal to do this we entered the figure deviation from the normal ED enumeration (conjecture ED censusà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢Ë†â€™Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ED expected registration) for figures made 1–12à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¦h ahead of time into a solitary variable logistic relapse model. The biased force of the single variable logistic relapse models taking into account the gauged deviation to anticipate occurrences of under-staffing was surveyed through the observational figuring of the full region under the collector working trademark bend (AROC) for every estimate skyline. Every measurable analysis including the determining model improvement and assessment were performed utilizing the R factual program. Table 3p-Values for bivariate Granger-causality tests conducted using the data from Hospital 1, column labels indicate which variable is being evaluated as a leading indicator (regressor), and row labels indicate which variable is being evaluated as the dependent variable Dependent variable Regressor ED Census ED labs ED radiography ED CT Inpatient census Inpatient labs Inpatient radiography Inpatient CT ED census NA 0.11 0.95 0.94 0.93 0.90 ED laboratories NA 0.39 0.24 0.21 0.09 0.23 0.59 ED radiography NA 0.54 0.71 0.37 0.25 0.02 ED CT NA 0.97 0.89 0.45 0.63 Inpatient census 0.98 0.88 0.16 0.24 NA 0.08 0.68 Inpatient laboratory 0.91 0.54 0.96 0.66 NA Inpatient radiography 0.74 0.98 0.51 0.74 NA Inpatient CT 0.35 0.11 0.25 0.07 NA Table 4Goodness-of-fit statistics (MultipleR2) for each endogenous variable included in the eighth order vector autoregression model for Hospital 1 Endogenous variable MultipleR2 ED census 0.97 ED laboratory volumes 0.80 ED CT volumes 0.50 ED radiography volumes 0.70 Inpatient census 0.99 Inpatient laboratory volumes 0.91 Inpatient CT volumes 0.71 Inpatient radiography volumes 0.88 Forecasting results Since our graphic investigations showed that almost no prescient worth was liable to be picked up by including variables speaking to inpatient request in estimating models for interest in the ED, we chose to fit two VAR models for every Hospital. VAR demonstrate 1, or the full model, included both inpatient and ED variables, while VAR display 2 included just ED variables. Both VAR models included ED understanding entries as an exogenous variable. Every model was equipped for creating conjectures just for the endogenous variables included in the model; in this manner, VAR display 1 created figures for inpatient and also ED variables, while VAR show 2 produced gauges just for ED variables. Since the accentuation of this study is gauging request in the ED we just report measures of exactness for ED variables. The consequences of our post-test model approval are introduced for every office. For every figure we present measures of the estimate slip (MAE) for conjecture skylines extending from 1 to 24à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¦h ahead for ED registration, lab, radiography, and CT volumes. Every figure demonstrates the MAE accomplished utilizing VAR models 1 and 2 and the gauge precision utilizing Holt-Winters exponential smoothing. At Hospitals 1 and 2, VAR models 1 and 2 gave more precise estimates of interest for all ED variables for conjecture skylines up to 24à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¦h ahead when contrasted with the benchmark uni-variate anticipating technique. At Hospital 3, VAR models 1 and 2 gave better or equivalent figure exactness for skylines up to 24à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¦h for ED patient statistics, and for ED research center and radiography volumes. We distinguished almost no contrast between the estimating execution of the full model, display 1, and the model that just joined ED variables, demonstrate 2. This outcome verifies what we found amid our distinct examinations, i.e., that minimal prescient quality would be gathered by demonstrating the collaboration between inter est in the ED and the inpatient doctors facility. Fig. 11 exhibits four different plots, in the first we see the watched contrasted with the normal ED evaluation (taking into account recorded midpoints) for one week (11/26/2006–12/2/2006) at Hospital 2. This figure demonstrates that in a few examples amid this specific week (e.g., Thursday and Friday evening) there were vast deviations (12 patients or all the more) in the watched ED enumeration from the normal ED statistics. The three remaining plots in Figure present the watched ED registration contrasted with the guage ED statistics at 1, 2, and 3à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¦h ahead. These plots demonstrate that 1à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¦h ahead utilizing model 2 we have the capacity to figure ED statistics at a high level of exactness, at 2à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¦h ahead our expectations are less precise yet ready to foresee critical takeoffs from typical ED evaluation levels, and at 3à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¦h ahead our forecasts start to relapse towar ds the normal ED registration. Fig. 12 presents watched, expected, and anticipated research center volumes in the same route as in Fig. 11 for that week. Pretty much just like the case with ED statistics, Fig. 12 display critical variety even in the wake of representing hourly and week after week cycles. On the other hand, dissimilar to ED evaluation our model does not seem to do almost also at foreseeing compelling flights from expected standards even at short. Conclusion: VAR models gave understanding into the elements of interest in the ED and the inpatient healing facility at our neighborhood destinations, and gave more exact gauges of ED statistics for stretched out conjecture skylines when contrasted with standard univariate time arrangement techniques. http://home.ubalt.edu/ntsbarsh/stat-data/topics.htm http://www.j-biomed-inform.com/article/S1532-0464(08)00063-4/fulltext

The Industrial Revolution Essay -- Essays Papers

The Industrial Revolution Going to work for a full day isn’t much fun after working fifteen hours the day before! 60-70 hour work days are never pleasant in anybody’s mind. How is it that so many people did this during the Industrial Revolution? Was it because they wanted the extra money? Or was it because they wanted the high political or economic status? For some people these were the reasons, but for most it was because of one concern. Survival! The Industrial Revolution greatly changed the workplace and the proletarians. The Factory system was changed forever by the name of one man, Richard Arkwright. Even though Arkwright was not a great inventor, he used other peoples ideas to advocate his own ambitions to the next level. â€Å"He was the first who knew how to make something out of other men’s inventions, and who built them up into an industrial system.† (Mantoux 221) Arkwright personally dealt with John Kay’s flying shuttle. However, the invention he patented was not John Kay’s but a more sufficient and effective invention. He worked with the Spinning Jenny, which was invented by James Hargreaves. (Clare 10-13) Arkwrights use of the Spinning Jenny, became the basis on how to use inventions for producing max outputs (Mantoux 224). The Industrial Revolution was supported by the new and efficient inventions. Inventions were created by many and shaped the nations future. One of the most important inventions was the Steam Engine. The Steam Engine was initially created by Thomas Newcomen, but his invention was very clumsy and didn’t have a practical purpose (mantoux 225). However, James Watt managed to create a more efficient device, by creating rotary motion from inserting a crank and a flywheel (Claire 12-15). James Watt... ...he workplace gave rise to a new day and age. Without these necessary hardships then some might say we would be stuck in a world that wouldn’t know how to produce. In any regards the reason for the Industrial Revolution beginning and ending were because of one thing the will of the people wanted it. Works Cited Claire, John Industrial Revolution. China: Random House UK Limited, 1993 Eisenberg, Christiane. â€Å"Artisans† Socialization at Work: Workshop Life in Early Nineteenth-Century England and Germany.† Journal of Social History 1 May 1991: 45-57. King, Steven., and Geoffrey Timmins. Making Sense of the Industrial Revolution. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2001. Mantoux Paul. The Industrial Revolution in the Eighteenth Century New York: Harper Row Publisher, 1961.

Humorous character Essay

Hereafter, Shakespeare decides to extend Bottom’s appearance of silliness even further by transforming his head into a donkey’s head, which, according to the story, is the result of the fairy, Puck’s exertion. After that little incident, Bottom’s mates start to flee in anxiety. Bottom is obviously confused why his buddies are running away from him, since he doesn’t know that his head has been replaced by a donkey head. When doing this, Shakespeare uses the dramatic irony-technique again to increase the hilarity for this scene even more. – The audience is aware of the ass head, but Bottom is not – He’s striding around all over the stage, confused why his mates ran away from him, but his pompous attitude is not all gone yet, so instead of asking them, why they’re running away from him, he chooses to believe, they’re just messing about with him. So when they’re all running away in anxiety, he shouts, that he’ll not be afraid of their little joke. Bottom just want to keep his pride, whatever it takes to do so. For that reason, he randomly starts to sing about birds. – Which after my opinion is a quite ridiculous thing to do just suddenly. To his surprise, he’s overheard by Titania, the fairy queen, who Puck has also messed around with, to make her fall in love with the first creature she set her eyes on. This creature turns out to be Bottom the weaver. She hears his song and falls madly in love with him. – It is humorous that the high class fairy queen, perhaps a beauty beyond everything else, falls in love with a low class guy, whose head has the same figure as the head of an animal, which is most likely considered one of the most unintelligent and stubborn mammals in the world. (I bet Shakespeare took this into account when he was writing the play). This is clearly shown when they’re speaking. Titania says something like: â€Å"Be kind and courteous to this gentleman†¦ † and she nearly makes a whole poem out of her speech, with lots of long poetic words. Bottom will respond with something that he think himself is a hilarious joke; ‘well-thought’ and ‘intellectual’ – Not quite, but Bottom doesn’t know, because he’s still got his pompous attitude. Shakespeare had most certainly been thinking thoroughly about the names of the fairies, that Bottom was about to meet when Titania had convinced him to go with her, because he wanted to make Bottom come up with a joke for each and everyone of them – A fairly bad joke of course. Shakespeare knew that Bottom still had this pompous attitude going on, but he also knew that Bottom was a somewhat stupid character. It requires a certain level of intelligence to come up with good jokes, which will make listeners laugh or at least produce a bit of giggling. – But Bottom doesn’t have that intelligence. The thing that makes Bottom funny is not his jokes, but his belief that his jokes are good and the amount of time he’s spend making them up.

Balancing Personal Life and Work

In today’s economic condition, work life equilibrium is considered one of the most imperative workplace issues. Work life balance refers to a satisfactory niche between many different roles in an individual’s life. But how to manage this balance to avoid conflict; this topic is discussed through many different aspects enlightened through personal experience. Work Life Balance Before taking any step towards knowing how to achieve work life balance, first we must gain an understanding about what work life balance actually refers to.It is about maintaining equilibrium between work and personal life, facing the multifarious demands in one’s life. The best equilibrium is different for each person because we all have different priorities in life. A young entrepreneur faces different challenges than a family man at the apex of his career. Work life balance involves two factors; Achievement and Enjoyment. Our life will be valuable and balanced when, in all the aspects of life, we are daily achieving success with all the joys of living! My Side of StoryBeing a young student struggling to manage good grades, working part time to support my education during this era of recession as well trying to give my family sufficient of my time as required, at many times I felt the misbalance in my life that is called work-life conflict. I felt unable to manage my time and was highly dissatisfied with my work and progress. Failing health and self esteem and disrupted routine was then a common state of affairs. I was new, hence obsessed with working hard to carve a niche for my career.In order to secure my grades I became overcommitted to my studies as well. I ended up drained every day, spending most of the time on the run†¦ from study to work, work to home and spending rest of the time sitting on computer. All I had once read and heard about work life complications was coming true in my life without my realizing it. It was not until when my parents had to h ave a ‘serious talk’ with me, that I realized where this chaos was leading me to. That instantly snapped me back; I set off to work on improving my standards. The informationIn order to balance one’s work life situation, you may need to look into four quadrants of your life- Friends, Family, Work and Self. Any disturbance in one of them because of the interference of another quadrant may cause work life conflict. Work life conflict must be removed in order to solve the problem and acquire balance. This information regarding the causes can be obtained by observation of daily life experiences and authentic researches conducted. According to the Business Week reports, Individuals who consider their work life balance better than others are likely to work 21% better than those who don’t.Moreover, a study shows people encounter work life conflict have 40% more chances of mood and anxiety disorders, (Kane, 2006); While employees having lower level of this conflic t experience increased job satisfaction. The Evaluation After gathering basic information, now I knew what I was missing and what I got to do. I loved my job, but without my natural energy boosters, I was unhappy and even feeling a bit guilty. My whole time revolved around my work and career, but I couldn’t make up for the very essential part of my life, that is my friends and family.From my newly gained knowledge, I deduced that a balanced approach at my level will be spending quality time with my friends and family that will have a positive physical and psychological impact on me. Moreover, I’ll be free of piled up responsibilities, procrastinated duties, and burden on my mental self, which will eventually also improve my progress in other quadrants of my life. I had to use it to devise such solutions that cancel out where I overdo, and give more space to those I neglected so a balance can be created. The SolutionAs I was already a student I opted for the greatest fa cility available today for work life balance concerned employees- Flexible timings, so that I can have more sense of control over my work. Dinner and meals would at no cost be skipped- they provide a quality time for whole family to be together. Also, sleeping schedules must be maintained, so there remain no health problems. Being present is the key word. No drifting away and being in two places at a time. On weekend there would be no computer, no emails, and no emergency calls from work!I could spend quality time with my family. I could contact my friends, go out and have some fun. Lastly, to spend some of my time on myself; a time to relax or do what pleases me. It’s a kind of meditation, hence keeps your mind calm and alert. Giving my study ample time and not burdening myself with more work than I could manage, was also essential. Conclusion The set of habits I formed as a solution for my work life problem, not only supports but emphasizes a sound balance between work and life activities.Back then I couldn’t see past my work; it still plays a principle part in my life, though it’s not my one and only concern anymore. This equilibrium I discovered open my eyes to worth of other things, that made not only my work, but my life much more gratifying. References Kane, S. (2006). Work Life Balance Strategies. Retrieved July 20, 2009 from http://legalcareers. about. com/od/careertrends/a/worklifebalance. htm Work-Life Balance. (2003). Work-Life Balance Defined- What it really means! Retrieved July 20, 2009 from http://www. worklifebalance. com/worklifebalancedefined. html

Socrates Euthyphro essays

Socrates' Euthyphro essays Throughout Euthyphro, Socrates explains many examples that represent how someone can have knowledge, or lack there of, pertaining to such things as piety, virtue, justice, and practical wisdom. The first step in explaining these theories is when he has a run-in with Euthyphro. Euthyphro declares that his action toward his father (sentencing for murder of a slave) is pious and the gods appreciate it. He states that piety is something that is loved by the gods. Socrates, on the other hand, does not understand this and begins to demonstrate how Euthyphro does not really know what he is saying. He explains that the gods are always at war and not agreeing completely on everything, therefor how can something be pious if not all the gods love it. But, there are some things that all gods agree upon such as masses, numbers, and sizes. But, do the gods really love these things? Are these things loved because they are pious or pious because they are loved? Socrates proclaims that piety does no t have one form. It would have to be the same at all times, and actions that are loved by the gods do not necessarily make them pious. He also declares that where there is piety, there is also justice, but where there is justice there is not always piety. Euthyphro then tries to state that caring for the gods, such as sacrifice and prayer, is pious, but again Socrates does not agree. Socrates asks who is benefited from giving to the gods. It may be pleasing to the gods, but how is it beneficial or loved by them so how can these actions be pious. In the beginning of Apology, Socrates explains that it is much easier to gain knowledge about scientific or religious conceptions than moral concepts. He declares to the audience that his friend, Chairephon, went to the oracle and asked if anyone was wiser than Socrates. The oracle simply replied no. Socrates could not understand this because he presumes that he truly does not have any ...

CHALLENGING THE OBAMA HEALTH CARE LEGISLATION Research Paper

CHALLENGING THE OBAMA HEALTH CARE LEGISLATION - Research Paper Example The Congress (2010) has once declared: â€Å"By most measures, we have the best medical care system in the world† (p. 32). Yet, there are still major problems and critical issue. A significant portion of the population does not have insurance and costs are continuously increasing. Failure to get a health insurance can prevent one from gaining access to preventative care. The uninsured is given treatment when s/he becomes sick, as recognized by the defendants, since health care in the United States is commonly given because of incapacity to afford medical expenses or acquire a health insurance. Yet, the acquired costs to provide medical services to the uninsured are at times remain unpaid. The costs of unpaid health care services are transferred to economic actors in the form of increased premiums and costs, which, consequently, can contribute to the continuity of the cycle and further enlarge the uninsured population (Congress 2010). The Congress approved of the PPACA against these conditions. The petitioners challenge a number of the interconnected parts of the PPACA as well. Primarily, the new Act considerably changes and enlarges the Medicaid plan. Medicaid is a joint federal-state initiative established in 1965 that supports federal subsidy to states that decide to offer health care to vulnerable and poor populations (Congress 2010). PPACA will expand the numbers of new entrants to the Medicaid rosters by widening the initiative to encompass all people under 65 years of age with a specific income percentage of the federal poverty threshold (Health Care Lawsuits 2011). Furthermore, the new Act opens the opportunity for the formation of medical benefit transactions intended to permit start-up or small businesses and individuals to control their purchasing power to acquire viable prices (Bandow 2011). And finally, the new Act obliges that the states give their workers an agreed health insurance coverage minimum level. The petitioners claim that these co nditions infringe state autonomy and the Constitution by forcing and controlling the states and denying them their ‘celebrated ability’ to govern their own Medicaid initiatives, medical care, and state machinery (Bandow 2011). The petitioners expect that these and a variety of other conditions in the PPACA will generate massive costs for Florida (Health Care Lawsuits 2011). Basically, the petitioners argue that the legislation is invasive, domineering, and may drain states’ coffers. When Congress was pressing on the agenda of President Obama to take into the public sector decision making in health care, lawmakers paid insignificant attention to the Constitution. In spite of everything, the tenants of Capitol Hill had become comfortable with proposing any laws they wanted (Bandow 2011). As expected, all of the followers of the president and their colleagues sacked the constitutional cases against the Obamacare law. Yet, the supporters of state-owned health care ar e not happy anymore. The Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals recently abolished a

Economics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Economics - Term Paper Example In their notable works, famous economic thinkers such as Mishan (1967), Scitovsky (1976) and Arrow et al. (1995) have critiqued GDP, arguing that it is a significant mathematical measure, but not a comprehensive measure of the economic activity of a nation (Kitov, n.d.). In the recent past, GDP economic measure has been considered equal to the social welfare of society. It is evident with the recent adoption of the term "standard of living", used synonymously with GDP. However, this relationship is not buoyed by any significant macroeconomic concept, but has become a habit in the recent past. What is conceivably utmost conspicuous is that a huge bulk of reporters and legislators, irrespective of their party-political inclinations, make very credulous declarations about GDP (vintrova, n.d.). It is therefore not astounding then that we see the majority of people in the world prefer economic growth in terms of GDP growth. The same has been supported by an obvious emphasis on GDP growth by global institutions such as the OECD and IMF. Numerous items and events in this life cannot be assessed through GDP, but they are measurable using the cadent of education, health, clean environment, social welfare, freedom and many others. A famous economist started the process of distinguishing the commodities that are comprised in the GDP measure and the capabilities that are omitted from it. His efforts, buoyed by his colleagues efforts led to the notable discoveries of techniques of supplanting GDP. There are various flaws associated with the GDP measure of economic growth. Key among them; it is reported that GDP measures average costs rather than the benefits that emanate from the market operations. It is also said that GDP leaves out many external costs associated with the country’s economic growth. In the years between 1950 and 1965, a negative mean welfare trend was experienced in

The impact of electricity deregulation on customers and employees in Dissertation

The impact of electricity deregulation on customers and employees in Qatar - Dissertation Example The paper incorporates both secondary and primary research study of the issues relating to the issue of deregulation being set in as in how it tends to affect the internal and external operations of the concern. It tends to draw useful inferences through the conduct of such research to thereby arrive at final conclusions and recommendations. ... .2.1 Interview findings 51 5.3 Questionnaires 52 5.3.1 Findings from surveyed managers and employees 52 5.3.2 Strategy fit with Qatar vision 2030 56 5.3.3 Findings from surveyed customer 58 5.3.3 Understanding KAHRAMAA strategy and objectives by employees 58 5.3.4 KAHRAMAA strategy development policy 60 5.3.5 Employee’s involvement in strategy development 61 5.3.6 The impact of non involvement of employees on strategy development 62 5.3.7 Low employees’ motivation and moral 63 5.3.8 Low initiatives to participate in strategy development 66 5.3.9 Perceived problems with strategy implementation 67 5.3.10 Management perception for strategy implementation problems 68 5.4 Suggestions for improving strategy implementation 69 5.5 Perception of strategy change impact on internal culture 70 5.6 The perception of the impact of KAHRAMAA deregulation strategy 72 5.7 Summary 73 Chapter 6: Analysis and discussion 74 6.1 Introduction 74 6.2 The effectiveness of deregulation at KAHRAMA A 74 6.3 The impact of strategy on KAHRAMAA culture 76 6.4 Research objectives 76 6.4 Summary 78 Chapter 7: Conclusion and recommendations 78 7.1 Introduction 78 7.2 Hypotheses 79 7.3 Limitations 80 7.4 Recommendations 81 7.4.1 Kahramaa 81 7.4.2 Future research 84 7.5 Summary 84 Bibliography 85 Appendices 91 Appendix 1: Survey / interview consent form 92 Appendix 2: Questionnaire 93 Appendix 3: Questionnaire Analysis 96 Chapter 1: Introduction Introduction Electricity deregulation along with privatisation is referred to as ‘liberalisation.’ Liberalisation is an accessible, affordable and reliable service which is replaced by ideal competition, the myth that tend to exit with consumer choice along with priority of the economic efficiency which in turn are measured by profits and also through rate

Sir Arthur Conan-Doyle Essay Example for Free

Sir Arthur Conan-Doyle Essay This is a wonderful description, almost a photographic image for the reader, a description leaving a sense of, is this a man or a monster? This again adds to the already building tension for the reader, who continues to make his or her own deductions. We see almost immediately how brilliantly perceptive Sherlock Holmes is when he spots the mud on the Ms Stoners coat and the train ticket in her hand. From this he deduces that she must have set off early, travelling in a Dogcart for some time before she got to the station. He picks up on clues throughout the story, things that the everyday person would possibly miss. This again draws the reader in, they feel enlightened and start to study the story more carefully wanting to be more like the ingenious Holmes. The story continues and Holmes and Watson visit the home of Ms Stoner and her stepfather. They inspect the bedroom of the dead sister and Sherlock Holmes picks up on several odd effects that he relays to Watson. Firstly a fake bell pull, then a ventilator which does not ventilate. A saucer of milk in the stepfathers room, becomes suspicious when they are advised Doctor Roylott keeps no cats. Several other little clues are spotted and you can almost feel Holmes mind working overtime. The reader will also pick up on the clues and again start to make their own deductions to Whodunnit? The tension starts to peak when Holmes decides to stay the night with Watson in Ms Stoner sisters bedroom. They wait patiently in a near by inn till Holmes spots a tell tale light, a sign for him to make his move. Crossing the lawn the tension is building and the author cleverly startles the reader by his introduction of the Baboon, a detail that Holmes has overlooked until then. When out from a clump of laurel bushes there darted what seemed to be a hideous and distorted child, who threw itself on the grass with writhing limbs, and then ran swiftly across the lawn into the darkness. The fact that Doctor Roylott keeps these exotic animals is ultimately a very important clue. Once in the bedroom the tension is paramount as the two men sit and wait in the eerie darkness. Again the author startles the reader by the sudden fury of excitement when Holmes lights a match, blinding Watson and therefore the reader is momentarily struck by the unknown. Once Watson gains his vision he relays again the image of Holmes lashing out savagely,I could however, see that his face was filled with horror and loathing. What could be happening? The story ends with the conclusion, albeit a little abruptly, maybe even a little unbelievable and somewhat corny for the modern day reader. We discover that it is a snake owned by Doctor Roylott that has been trained by its master to crawl in to the adjacent bedroom and ultimately kills the sleeping victim. Unfortunately for Doctor Roylott, Holmes foiled his plan by scaring the creature, which in due course turned and killed its own master. This allows the reader to let out a great sigh of relief. The crime has been solved the tension has passed. The story albeit a little obvious and very basic, is also very cleverly written. The author succeeds in initially drawing the reader in and keeping their attention throughout. The story would have been extremely exciting and ground breaking in its day. Exotic animal were unheard of. The account is written in very descriptive but extremely long sentences, which is another clue to its age. Time has taken it toll and we as modern readers have been spoiled by the cleverness of the modern day detective novels. Therefore the ending is a little disappointing, no twists or red herrings except for the gypsies . But the story must be applauded, Conan-Doyle was one of the earliest authors of his kind to begin this clever technique of keeping his reader guessing throughout the book. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Conan Doyle section.

Geopolitics and International Affairs

Geopolitics and International Affairs Geopolitics and International Affairs â€Å"What are the key factors in contemporary redistributions of Geopolitical Power?† The Encyclopaedia Britannica describes Geopolitics as â€Å"analysis of the geographic influences on power relationships in international relations† (2010); therefore Geopolitical Power is the power certain nations have over other nations, based upon Geographic influences and advantages. Across the world the geographies of power shift from nation to nation over time (such as the shift in power from Britain to the USA after WWII) and the hegemonic structure has a huge effect on world dynamics such economy, politics, society and culture. The nation with the most power tends to have the greatest influence over these and other factors. Currently, and in recent years there has been a notable rise in power from nations in the geographic east (most notably China) simultaneous to the apparent decline in power by the worlds current top geopolitical power (the USA). This is raising serious questions as to the future of the current hegemonic structure. There are a number of key factors which are driving this shift in power and here I aim to address and analyse these so that I may answer the question â€Å"What are the key factors in contemporary redistributions of Geopolitical Power?† The USA is currently the worlds dominant geopolitical power and has been since World War II. According to Fareed Zakaria (2008) â€Å"the United States [unrivalled economic status] has lasted more than 120 years† and that â€Å"The US economy has been the worlds largest since the middle of the 1880s†. As of 2008, The CIA World Fact book ranks the USA as having the highest GDP/PPP of any individual nation (The EU is ranked higher than the USA but is technically a united group of countries) which stands at $14,440,000,000,000; around double that of the next country on the list, China (CIA, 2008). In 2004 James F. Hoge, author of ‘A Global Power Shift in the Making (2004) explained that â€Å"Chinas economy is growing at more than nine percent annually† and that â€Å"Chinas economy is expected to be double the size of Germanys by 2010 and to overtake Japans, currently the worlds second largest, by 2020†. To put Chinas rapid growth into perspective in 2 010, its GDP has already overtaken that of Germanys, with economic spectators forecasting Chinas economy to outstrip Japans this year- 10 years prior to Hoges 2004 prediction. However, the economy of a nation may be an important indicator of world power, but is by no means the sole factor in determining hegemonic status; the USA is still dominant for other reasons. Military strength is- and always has been- one of the key ways of determining the power of a nation. The ‘Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) cited the USA as having a military expenditure in 2008 which amounted to $607,263,000,000, accounting for 41.5% of the worlds total military spending (SIPRI, 2009). Military strength provides a nation with the means of physically exercising its geopolitical power over other nations, and the USA currently dominates land, sea and air with its military presence. China may be a growing militant power and have a larger army in terms of personnel, however its military expenditure is a fraction of the USAs; and one must also take into account the sheer size of the population in China which explains the high numbers of active servicemen in the country. Both countries currently have a nuclear capability, which during the Cold War was â€Å"widely seen as a necessary qualification for a seat at the top table†. This is no longer the case and now the possession or development of nuclear weapons is deemed unacceptable behaviour (Hurrell, 2006). This is an example of how the factors of determining Geopolitical power change over time. The demographics of a nation are also of vital importance to its development and changes in population structure can have dramatic effects within both developing and developed nations. As of the 13th Jan 2010, the population of the USA is around 308,478,201, (United States official population clock, 2010) whilst the population of China is around 1,335,035,010 (Chinese official population clock, 2010) over 1 billion more than the USA. This is a vital factor in explaining why China has been experiencing such rapid growth in the past decade. Firstly, a large population means more people spending money, which raises the countrys GDP- China is currently the worlds second largest consumer behind the USA (Zakaria, 2008 [2]). In the current economic climate with recession still looming over many nations, it is important for the general population to keep spending in order to stimulate the economy; in China, this is no issue due to the huge numbers of people. This is why China, and Asia in general, has not been so greatly affected by the ‘global recession as the USA and Europe. A population of this size also provides China with a huge number of people of working age to power the worlds largest manufacturing industry, as well as other important areas of industry from banking (to lead China through this economic shift) to farming (to feed the vast numbers of people living in the country). China is so competitive on the international scene due to its vast labour force. However, it is the structure of a population which is really vital in determining the future power of a nation. An ageing population can put a strain on the relatively smaller working age population due to the cost of providing health care, pensions, housing, etc. A youthful population puts strain on education and health services, food supplies; and can result in too a lack of jobs in the future. Both have their issues, but both also have benefits. Japan for example has the worlds largest ageing population with 12.1% aged 65 and over in 2000, with a predicted rise to 26.2% by 2020 (Anderson, Hussey. 2000). Japan is now experiencing deep demographic issues with the working age population being too small to support the large elderly population, and the birth rate continually falling; having implications to the development of the country which has experienced declining power over the past 2 decades. There is a well known phrase that ‘children are the future and this wisdom is heeded particularly well in the USA. Whilst China may have a huge workforce, they are relatively uneducated. The USA prides itself upon the fact that its education system is so highly regarded, having a high output of skilled workers graduating from its prestigious universities every year. According to Zakaria (2008 [2]) â€Å"America trains more high-quality 4 year engineering graduates per capita than any other country† with â€Å"Eight of the top 10 universities in the worldin the United States†. This is why when visiting many US (and European) higher education facilities it is easy to notice the high proportion of Asian (particularly Chinese) students, as these institutions offer a far higher standard of education than would be available in Asia. These Asian students typically stay in America after they have completed their education due to more job prospects with a better rate of pa y than available back home, so are a vital resource to the country. Americas acquisition and prolonged control of power can largely be thanked to the younger generations who have been educated by US education facilities and gone on to create a huge pool of skilled and talented workers. These workers drive the economic industries of the US, whilst their high expenditure on commodities and consumer goods helps fuel growth of its GDP. Many people believe that China is the sole competitor to the USA for hegemonic status, believing that eventually China will overtake America as the sole dominant world power in terms of economy, military, culture, etc. However, others such as Fareed Zakaria (2008 [2]) believe that â€Å"the rise of rest† is far more likely; meaning that power will become dispersed amongst a number of powerful nations under America so that global decisions will no longer be made from one side of the globe. The countries believed to be the main competitors to this state of uni-multipolarity are those referred to as BRIC countries: Brazil, Russia, India and China. Uni-multipolarity will be the resulting situation whereby the US is still the superpower, but with these BRIC countries having much more participation in world affairs than they have done in the current uni-polar (US dominant) geopolitical structure. This shift in power may come as a shock to America and there is likely to be resistance of some sort from the west, although it is very unlikely that the US will lose its dominance so it should look to facilitate the transition of geopolitical power to make this inevitability happen as smoothly as possible. BIBLIOGRAPHY Anderson, GF; Hussey, P (2000) Population aging: a comparison among industrialized countries. Health Affairs. [Online] Vol 19. No. 3. Sections 191 203. Available from: http://healthaff.highwire.org/cgi/reprint/19/3/191.pdf (Last accessed 13th Jan 2010) CIA (2010). The World Fact Book: Country Comparison GDP. Available from: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2001rank.html?countryName=United%20StatescountryCode=usregionCode=narank=2#us (Last accessed 11th Jan 2010) CPIRC (2010). Chinese official population clock. http://www.cpirc.org.cn/index.asp (Last accessed 13th Jan 2010) Encyclopaedia Britannica Online (2010). Geopolitics [Online] Available from: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/229932/geopolitics (Last accessed 11th Jan 2010) Hoge, J (2004). A Global Power Shift in the Making. Foreign Affairs. [Online] Vol. 83, No. 4. Pg 2-7. Available from: http://asr2.myweb.uga.edu/Fall%202004/Readings/Global%20power%20shift%20in%20the%20making.pdf (Last accessed 13th Jan 2010) Hurrell, A (2006). Hegemony, Liberalism and Global Order: What space for would-be great powers? International Affairs. [Online] Vol 82, No. 1. Pg 1-19. Available from: http://www.giga-hamburg.de/dl/download.php?d=/english/content/rpn/pdf/international_affairs_2006.pdf (Last accessed 13th Jan 2010) SIPRI (2009).The SIPRI Military Expenditure Database: USA. Available from: http://milexdata.sipri.org/result.php4 (Last accessed 11th Jan 2010) U.S Census Bureau (2010). United States official population clock. http://www.census.gov/population/www/popclockus.html (Last accessed 13th Jan 2010) Zakaria, F (2008). The Future of American Power: How America can survive the rise of the rest. Foreign Affairs. Available from: http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/63394/fareed-zakaria/the-future-of-american-power (Last accessed 11th Jan 2010) Zakaria, F (2008) [2]. The Post American World. [Online] Available from: http://www.cnl.com/documents/Post-American%20World.pdf (last accessed 13th Jan 2010)