Medieval Morality Plays Essay - 1482 Words

Medieval Morality Plays Throughout time, there have been many books, plays, songs, pamphlets, sermons, lectures, etc. written. These writings were all written with some kind of purpose to either inform, persuade, entertain, or teach their audience. One such form of literature not too widely known about is that of the medieval morality plays. These plays were not aimed to entertain, but to teach morals and religion to the uneducated lower classes of people in medieval Europe. The morality plays were also quite necessary to teach and inform the underclass people, through the thoughtful persuasion of play entertainment. Morality plays, as said above, were most popular and most widely present in medieval times. They were also found in†¦show more content†¦(1). There were many other cases when the characters of the morality plays were not abstract qualities. These alternative roles were ones of angels, devils, priests, doctors, fools (found usually in English writings), etc. (1). The morality plays focused on the hero or main character, who#8217;s flaws were pointed out through diabolic forces, but the hero did have the option to choose redemption and take help from figures such as the four daughters of god. (1). One commonly used subject of the morality plays was that of the seven deadly sins. (1). The setup of the morality plays were actually quite simple. In the early development of the plays they did not have much technical structure to them. (Warren 2) Later on, they were usually played outdoors on moving scaffolds with the normal usage of props. (1). When morality plays were first introduced, the were often shown with miracle plays to get the audiences used to them and also to popularize them. (1). Until the later period of the morality plays, they were performed by amateur actors who relied wholly on public support. (Morality Play 1). When it comes to the plot aspect of morality plays, there were four main story lines. The majority of the morality pl ay plots consisted of debates or conflicts. The three which did were the debate of heavenly graces, the debate of soul and body, and the conflict of vices and virtues.Show MoreRelatedEssay about Medieval Morality Plays1481 Words   |  6 PagesMedieval Morality Plays   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout time, there have been many books, plays, songs, pamphlets, sermons, lectures, etc. written. These writings were all written with some kind of purpose to either inform, persuade, entertain, or teach their audience. One such form of literature not too widely known about is that of the medieval morality plays. These plays were not aimed to entertain, but to teach morals and religion to the uneducated lower classes of people in medieval Europe. The moralityRead MoreFaustus as a Medieval Morality Play1603 Words   |  7 PagesFaustus as a Medieval Morality Play By K.Friedman Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus has been influenced by the conventions of a Medieval Morality play through Marlowe’s purely didactic use of the text to encourage Christian values. He uses various dramatised moral allegories that together encompass the themes of divided nature of man allegorised through the good and bad angels that demonstrate virtue and vice, alongside the concept of sin and degradation allegorised by the Seven Deadly SinsRead MoreEveryman As A Medieval Morality Play1684 Words   |  7 Pagesof a medieval morality play.1 The play is a work portraying how God in heaven sends death to call forth every creature to present itself before him to answer for every action in this world. It shows the audience and readers what goes on in life and ending of it all through death. From the very beginning, the play classically shows that it deals with human experiences with the focus on morals. Everyman is a Christian play written to promote Christianity as a re ligion. At the time when the play wasRead MoreEveryman Research Paper1584 Words   |  7 Pages_ENGL 102: Literature and Composition_ SEMESTER OF ENROLLMENT: _Fall D04-2010_ NAME: _Nathalia Santos_ WRITING STYLE USED: _APA_ Thesis: The English morality play â€Å"Everyman† uses allegorical characters to represent what Everyman holds onto and values during his life. Everyman has neglected his spiritual life, but as the play develops Everyman repents of his sins on time. Summoned by Death, Everyman realizes that he is not ready and does not want to die alone. Thereafter, Everyman seeksRead MoreAnalysis Of Goethe s Faust 1410 Words   |  6 PagesIn the catastrophic play, Goethe’s Faust, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe is a product of German literature and is said to be one of the greatest Western literature epic poems in history. This play comes from legends that have been spread throughout Europe during the sixteenth century. Many individuals affirm that the main character Faust really existed but this play is still fictional. Faust was an alchemist and was a living magician. In other fictional works of art, Faust has sold his soul to the devilRead MoreThe Percepciont of Death on the Play Everyman Es say1175 Words   |  5 PagesEveryman is a Christian morality play written during the 1400s. No one yet knows who wrote this play. It is said that Everyman is the English translation of similar Dutch morality play of the same period called Elckerlijc. Everyman is generally represented as the best and most original example of the English morality play. â€Å"Like other morality plays from the late medieval period, it is meant to communicate a simple moral lesson to both educated and illiterate audiences† (Gyamfi Schmidt, 2011).Read MorePerception of Death in the Play â€Å"Everyman Essay1101 Words   |  5 PagesIn the play â€Å"everyman† death is depicted as something that is terribly feared as no one seemed ready for it, death is perceived as something that takes one away from the pleasures of this world. Everyman is a classic play written in the 15th century whose subject is the struggle of the soul. This is a morality play and a good example of transition play linking liturgical drama and the secular drama that came at the end of English medieval period. In the play, death is perceived as tragic and isRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Morality Play Essay1763 Words   |  8 PagesThroughout medieval times, many religions taught their beliefs and ideals by means of putting on plays for the commoners, who often could not understand the languages in which their beliefs were taught in churches and religious settings. Two distinct plays emerged over the medieval time in which religious beliefs were on display in some form for the common people: morality plays and mystery plays. A morality play is a didactic, religious, allegorical play that is not explicitly in regards to a biblicalRead More Symbolism in the Play Everyman Essay456 Words   |  2 PagesSymbolism in the Play Everyman The play Everyman dates back to medieval times and has affected many people throughout the centuries. Many life lessons are looked at throughout the play through symbolism, which helps the reader understand life’s lessons easier. Everyman, an allegory, had symbolism scattered throughout the entire story, which helped to better show lessons learned through life. In Everyman, symbolism is present in many characters, including Good-Deeds,Read MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Everyman 1194 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"A classic allegory is the medieval play Everyman, whose hero represents us all, and who, deserted by false friends called Kindred and Goods, faces the judgement of God accompanied only by a faithful friend called Good Deeds.†1 Everyman was written in the late 15th century by an author that is unknown. It is known as a medieval morality play and out of the morality plays, it is considered as one of the finest. Everyman is possibly a version of a Dutch play known as â€Å"Elckerlyc†. â€Å"It was composed around

The small crowd beside the bus had an atmosphere of excitement Free Essays

The small crowd beside the bus had an atmosphere of excitement. I was one of them. We just got down the busy train, leaving us with another 5 hours of our journey to our destination. We will write a custom essay sample on The small crowd beside the bus had an atmosphere of excitement or any similar topic only for you Order Now The trip was to the southern part of the Indian rainforest. The air was moist and there was a sudden drizzle. So we quickly got inside the bus. After every one was inside there was check to see whether anyone was left behind. The bus was noisy, every one were talking to each other about the thrill. We began our long journey into the rainforest. Every one felt irritated due to the humidity in the air. The teachers who came with were also excited about the trip. After a while there was no sign of any people as we entered into the rainforest; there was no trace of any other vehicle either except a motorcycle, leading us. It was a totally deserted area. The trees and bushes on either side of the road were monstrous and they spread wide. In some places they were steep slopes, which were so deep and dark that we couldn’t see the ground below. We unexpectedly stopped. I didn’t know why at first then they told it was because we had to have lunch. The lunch was horrible as it was cold. After that we got into the bus. Then slowly we all settled and the bus was again on the road. On the way we saw many waterfalls but we couldn’t define its beauty because they were very far away. Then a boy suddenly shouted out ‘Dam’ no one understood him at first then he repeated it by saying there is a dam. Every one gazed it for a long time. Some took snaps of it. It was huge and its reflections looked beautiful. We were then told that there was another hour of our journey left. Most of them slept including me due to the tiredness of journeying. After a while my friend woke me up saying that we arrived at the destination. I was excited as well as exhausted like everyone. I had to get up. We took our bags and started to walk towards the tents, which were situated in a plateau. I had a heavy luggage behind my back like most of them. The ground was uneven in the beginning then it was a sudden steep slope upwards. We had to walk very carefully otherwise we would slip and fall. They made a path by few slates of shapeless granite. Beside the path were wild bushes. It took us more than 5minutes to reach to the top. When we reached it was very dark and we could hardly see the ground clearly. They told us to form a queue and then we were separated into four groups. We were taken inside the house, which was beside the tents. It just had a big hall and a kitchen in the corner. We were told about the rules and regulations. Then we all were shown our way to the tents though we didn’t sleep in the tents, as it was the first night. We changed into night ware and left our baggages in the tents. The ground was muddy making our bags very dirty underneath. After every one had their dinner we were immediately send to sleep. Though no one did as every one had the excitement in their minds thinking what was going to happen in the next few days. We all slept together. At first it was very noisy then slowly it became pin drop silence. Everyone was made to get up by 5 in the morning and was told to freshen up. We couldn’t see much as the sun did not rise completely by that time. And when it did it become foggy. There were five tents in total as there were many girls and boys. There was a water tank opposite to the tents. Behind the house were the toilets. In between the toilets and the tents there was a small house which contained things required for canoeing, rock climbing, treasure hunting, nature trivia and camping. Surrounding us were trees and bushes, which were so thick that we couldn’t see through. Later we were told briefly of our plan for the days beyond. How to cite The small crowd beside the bus had an atmosphere of excitement, Papers

Exploring Popular Music free essay sample

Popular music Is defined as any genre of music having wide appeal but usually only for a short time. (Popular music) My definition of popular music Is music mostly by one hit wonders or well established artists appealing widely for a short time. Popular music differs from other genres of music because with other genres of music they are constrained to that genre meaning that have to fit that group and really venture outside that box and still be called that genre.As for popular music, I live it does Just the opposite: it isnt constrained, it doesnt fit a model, it dares to be different, and it evokes all genres of music. One popular music genre is rock, rock music has gone though many changes in the recent years and has received countless backlash for those changes. I believe Richard Brooklimes said it best Rock is a form of popular culture that alms downward instead of aiming up. Rather than aspiring, it despises (Brooklimes, 385).I feel that Brooklimes said this because as that the century progresses and technology progresses we are no longer shocked. So popular rock artists try to push the limits of our society, but In doing so it brings the popular culture down. If history repeats Itself, and the unexpected always happens, how incapable must Man be of learning from Popular rock music of today has had the same effect on older generations as it has had 50 year ago granted, the band names and styles of dress have changed, but the disapproval of the music hasnt.Michael Buds once said that It can be argued, however, that the passion and energy expended in attempts to alter or suppress rock and roll expression have only spurred rockers to flaunt objectionable aspects of their music and worldview in a spirit of defiant celebration(Buds, Peg. 392, 2). Historical Rock music was seen as a defiant celebration that people believed promoted sex, violence, and drugs. In some cases this reign true some people did do drugs and had sex because of the music, but that slim number of people were Just social followers.Even today we still have those some number of people who dont have their own voice but for the most part people Just listen to the music. One co ncern that I have for rock music today is that its going to far to push the envelope, one artist in particular is Marilyn Manson. His music is so controversial that it has been banded for being sold in many different stores because of graphic lyrics. To me his music is the ultimate taboo because when I listen to it for this project it freak me out I thought I was listening to the devil himself, but I digress historical and contemporary concerns for rock music are one in the same.Most of the people who dislike popular rock have hopes that it would change to fit he norms of our society, and those who like popular rock music have hopes that it doesnt change. As for me I feel that popular rock music Is an area that I have little experience In. One hope that I do have for that genre of music is that In some ways It would tone down It radicalized, because some of the lengths that these artist go to be called taboo Is ridiculous. I sometimes wonder to myself If they really need to be controversial to sell records or is that just a big hoax. Also for the people who dislike all popular rock music garbage. Technology has made many advances though out our lifetime from allowing us to o into outer space to giving us the ability to sustain life. In recent years technology has really allowed music to become ubiquitous because technology has given us the pod, and PEP sharing servers that allow you to share all genres of music with others. The pods shuffle feature allows us to randomly hear songs that you have uploading on your pod. To me the pod shuffle feature and the PEP sharing servers have actually hindered popular rock music in some ways one being that it allows you to pick only the songs that you like instead of buy the actual CD.Another cultural implication of music ubiquity is in clothing more popular music artists are producing clothing lines. So young impressionable minds see these clothes and want them because their favorite artist has their name on them. My take on popular music artist clothing is l like it I have actually brought something that had an artists name Just because it had their name on it. Their are many attitudes towards popular rock music Pablo Calls had a negative attitudes towards rock where in he states You Want to know what I think of that abomination, rockabilly I think it I a disgrace.Poison put to sound! When I hear it I feel very sad not only for music but also for the people who are addicted to it. I am also very sorry for American-that such a great country should have nothing better to pour into then expectant ear of mankind then this raucous distillation of the ugliness of our times, performed by Juveniles for Juveniles. It is a terrible and sardonic trick of fate that the children of the present century should have to grow up with their bodies under continual bombardment from atomic fall-out and their souls exposed to rockabilly (Calls, 1961).But in rocks defiance Linda Martin and Kerry Graves said Rock and roll fans, if even a portion of what the critics have said was true, by now you would be stone deaf, with their minds burnt out by drugs, and their b odies wasted b y excessive fornication. That none of this is true has never bothered rock opponents or caused them to pause in their attacks. Rock basing has remained constant since the mid-sass both in content and style (Martin and Graves, 1993). From these two arguments you can tell how serious the matter of popular rock music is to them.My attitude toward popular rock music is Just like my political stand straight down the middle their are issues that I support on either side for instance on then con side I do believe that popular rock music has gotten to radical I know it could get worst but still. On the pro side I believe there are some artist that fall in the popular rock music genre that have Just been over looked. In Closing popular rock music has had and a colorful past and most likely will have a colorful future. Just as long as people get bored with the norms there will always be people pushing the limits.

What factors contributed to the division of Canadas political right into two seperate political parties

Introduction Before the 1984 elections in Canada, there were only two major political parties, the Liberal Party and Progressive Conservative party. They competed in the traditional left/right-wing policy dimension space. There was a third small party the New Democratic Party on the left-wing.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on What factors contributed to the division of Canada’s political right into two seperate political parties specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Since New Democratic Party had weak electoral support, the political system qualified as two party-plus. Liberal party won most of the elections making it a natural government party. The factors that contributed to separation of Reform Party and the Progressive Conservative Party in Canada vary with the factors that contributed to their re-union. Varying activities and political ideologies increased the need for Reform Party and Progressive Conservative Party to separate in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Major factors were socio-economic and political. Re-union of these Parties was contributed by mainly political factors (short term) and a combination of economic, social and political factors (long term). This paper seeks to establish factors that led to separation and re-union of Reform/Canadian Alliance Party and Progressive Conservatives. All the factors reflect contributions and their intensities to either separation or re-union of these parties. Separation of Progressive Conservative Party Reform Party separated from Progressive Conservative Party in 1987. It had its first elected Member of Parliament in a 1989 by-election. Deborah Gray was its first member of parliament elected in Beaver River in Alberta, Canada. This party represented interests of people from the western part of Canada (Manning, 1992). French/English relationship and other immigrant’s variation in economic and social issues were the main contributing factors. The House of Commons had started portraying significant divisions against itself based on these pertinent issues in 1980s. In its quest for leadership in Canadian politics, Progressive Conservative leader took the risk of alienating Western provinces and pursuing issue of Quebec‘s constitutional future in early 1980s. This greatly polarized the electorate and worked well for the PC. They won the elections and formed a government in 1982.Advertising Looking for research paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Western Canada lacked sufficient representation at the national level in the 1980s. Lack of representation led to favoritism of Mulroney’s Progressive government towards Quà ©bec. Most elites from the region believed that there was need for their own party to be heard nationally (Brimelow, 1986). Politicians including Preston Manning, Francis Winspear and several others bel ieved that there was need for institutional reforms in Canadian political system. This view was not shared by most of the leaders in Progressive Conservative party. Meech Lake Accord which proposed constitutional amendment did not meet the required level of Canadian Unity and requirements of the Westerners (Johnston et al. 1996). It was negotiated by the federal government with ten provinces. The accord provided Quebec with a distinct society status. Nevertheless, it failed ratification in 1990. The failure of the accord led to formation of another political outfit Bloc Quà ©bà ©cois in Quebec. Another accord was negotiated in 1992 but it was rejected again by population in a referendum. In 1986 Canadians in Western Provinces thought that Progressive Conservative Party’s federal governments paid more attention to Quebec. Majority of the economic programs started by the Canadian government in 1980s where skewed towards benefiting Quà ©bec at the expense of Alberta and other western provinces. Introduction of National Energy Program which was aimed at regulating energy prices, led to major economic losses in Alberta. There was visible unfairness in government procurement. Majority of government contracts were being awarded to companies in Quà ©bec. This was reflected in 1986 when the federal Progressive Conservative government contracted an unprepared company in Quà ©bec a contract. Since the contract involved construction of military aircrafts, it was worth a fortune. The company was awarded the contract although another company in Winning, Manitoba was ready construct the CF-18 aircrafts. To Manning and other politicians from Western provinces, these events signified that both Liberal and Progressive Conservative Parties governments favored Eastern Canada and mostly Quà ©bec. Economic discrimination was evident according to Jenson and Phillips (1996). Westerners had not been given economic freedom to perform their roles. As disparities between imm igrants and natives increased, some people thought the government was not fair especially in distribution of income from oil and gas export.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on What factors contributed to the division of Canada’s political right into two seperate political parties specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Government reduction in social spending was not given effective emphasis by the federal Progressive Conservative government in 1980s. Government’s funding of multicultural and bilingual social programs did not go well with Reforms party members. Business people and citizens required tax cuts since cost of running business and unemployment rates had gone up. Even with the increase in unemployment rates and government deficits, Progressive Conservative governments did not reduce taxes. When the Reforms Party proposers started their desire, they received a lot of support from people who did not benefit from tax cuts especially in Western Canada. Most of the people in Western Canada thought immigrants from Africa and Latin America benefited from their resources. Some even thought that they could do without Quebec which tolerated immigrants from India, Africa and Latin America. Most of these concerns where due to increased deficit in the federal government budget. Government services being offered by Liberal and Progressive Conservative party had deteriorated over time. Privatization of government organizations was not done by Progressive Conservative government although they performed poorly. There was need for universal health care for all citizens. With the failing health care, the proponents of the reforms including Manning wanted a two-tier health insurance system (Manning, 1992). This would include both private and public insurance. The issue of free trade was also a big factor that contributed to the separation of Progressive Conservative party. The Reformists from the western provinces of British Columbia, Manitoba and Alberta thought that there was need for free trade among all Canadians. They wanted to engage in both domestic and international trade with the United States and other partners (Manning, 1992). Various social related challenges emerged in the 1980s. Issues relating to aboriginal, gay/lesbian marriage, abortion and HIV threatened the well being of Westerners and other Canadians. The need for tight regulations on gay and lesbian marriage was frequently called by Reforms party members. At some point, the spread of HIV was regarded as a disaster in the making. Since the Progressive Conservative Party government did not put much emphasis on theses social challenges, some of the Reforms/alliance members felt it was necessary to tackle them.Advertising Looking for research paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These social factors fueled the separation of Progressive Conservative Party. Preston Manning himself condemned homosexuality in public. However, some of the extreme views of the members of the separated Reforms were considered as individual rather than party positions. In the early 1990s, the Reform Party realized that it had gained considerable support in most parts of the country. The extended support became an encouraging factor for it its members. They then changed it from a regional Party to a national one. Its expansion extended to most areas including Ontario. However, it still did not include Quebec in its expansion. Reunion of Reform/Alliance and Progressive Conservative Party After its inception, Reforms Party barely made impact in federal elections. In its three subsequent elections, it did not secure more than 20 % of the federal vote. The highest number of seats it won was 60 out of 301 in the House of Commons. The failure to appease a wide range of supporters in most provinces was mainly because of its extreme policies. Before the 2000 federal elections, Reforms Party changed to Canadian Alliance Party and adopted moderate policies (Blais et al, 2002). The party also elected a new leader. However, it did not succeed to secure more votes. It increased to 66 seats while the other Right-wing Party, Progressive Conservative won only 12 seats. The two parties realized that the only significant improvement would occur if they merged. After extensive negotiations they finally merged and formed Conservative Party of Canada in 2003. Various factors contributed to the historical merger of the two right-wing parties. Long Term Factors For the better part of 20th century, Liberal party won most elections in Canada. The only significant opposition was offered by the left wing Progressive Conservative party. The failed recognition of special status of Quebec in 1990s expanded political space to include constitutional rights of Quebec. The partisan issue which influenced Canadian politics regenerated from its original one dimension to two dimensions. The policy space was on economic and regional dimensions. To remove a party in power, opposition can just wait for natural failure of the incumbent government. It may be caused by domestic or foreign policy (Schofield et al, 2003). This is an unstable risk because incumbent party can regain power after the electorates weigh their preferences. The opposition can also identify an underlying issue and campaign for or against it. This is likely to polarize electorate into two opposing groups (Schofield et al, 2003). If the polarization is high the ruling party can be easily broken or weakened. The western alienation and French-English relations has been such a factor in Canada. Success in uniting such groups could lead in more problems. However, if it succeeds, the party can become new natural governing party. In the 2000 elections, Canadian Alliance Party and Bloc Quà ©bà ©cois pro/anti-Frenc h issues were vital. However, the Reform/alliance supporters had moved to economic issues. At that same time, Progressive Conservatives had adopted an almost center policy. PC did not make recognizable gain in the elections because of its dept, leadership controversies, poor organization and troubled fundraising (Woolstencroft, 2001). However, it captured 12% of the federal vote. Most voters in Canada are situated around the centre of economic and constitutional issues. This allowed the liberals to capture victory in the 2000 and majority of other federal elections. Anti-French driven sentiments mainly influenced the Reform/Alliance vote. Pro-French sentiments contributed to Quebec federal vote. The results show that Reform/Alliance Party was not able to replace or absorb Progressive Conservative Party in 1990s. This is reflected in the average 12-20% share of PC every election year which was not enough to propel it to power. This particular percentage vote is what Reform/alliance p arty required to defeat Liberals in the elections. Quebec guaranteed PC its votes because it could not accommodate the extreme views of the Reform/Alliance Party. Failures in 1997 and 2000 proved to both Progressive Conservative and Reform/Alliance parties that it would be practically impossible to beat Liberals without unity. The electoral goal played a significant factor in the ultimate merge of the two parties over their ideologies and policies. Short term factors Leadership change in both parties before the merger contributed to the success of reunion. There is a significant impact of change of leadership, dominant party faction and external benefits to the decision to merge parties (Harmel Janda, 1994). During the period between 1990 and 2000, both parties pursued vote-seeking and policy-seeking goals. Before 1993, Progressive Conservative was considered one of the two major federal parties in Canada. However, it had not been characterized by strong ideological values (Bernard 1996). It’s primarily goal was vote-maximizing. In the 1990s the party changed its goal to policy advocacy. On the other hand, Reform/Alliance started with policy-seeking goal and later shifted to vote-seeking before the 2000 elections. After its formation, the party did well in representing its main policies. It could not achieve its policy-seeking since it never gained the significant votes to ascend to power. Subsequently, the right-wing policy was not carried out. After the 1997 elections, the party launched the United Alternative campaign strategy. This showed a shift in party’s ultimate goal towards vote-seeking. This was followed by change of Party name to Canadian Alliance, election of a new leader and adoption of moderate policies in preparation for the 2000 federal elections. This did not put off the Progressive Conservatives. The party’s success was insignificant. The Alliance Party and its new leader Stephen Harper remained with one option; to form a merger with the Progressive conservative Party. The Reform/Alliance had to sacrifice its ideological goal to succeed electorally. On the other hand, Progressive Conservatives were not interested in the merger. According to Harme and Janda (1994), external shock to a party is usually the main trigger for party change. The 1993 election defeat acted as the necessary external shock. Its seats reduced from majority to only two in the House of Commons while the national share dropped from 43% to 16. The party ran out of options because of the Liberals on the other side and Quebec’s deal on the other side. They could not play regional alienation because it had lost its credibility on the Meech Lake and subsequent constitutional accords. The Progressive Conservative faced a dead end because liberals occupied the traditional governing while Reform/Alliance and Bloc had the regional support. It had the only option of forming an alliance with the Reform/alliance party or face extinct ion. PC leader Joe Clark opted for none of the options. He opposed to the merger because he wanted to deny his competitors opportunities in its stronghold. He wanted to preserve identity of the Party and defend his pride as a leader. After a lot of in-party fighting, Orchard a close ally of PC leader Joe Clark retired to give room for MacKay’s leadership. He agreed to retire after MacKay pledged not to merge with Reform/Alliance. The party leaders who included five provincial Premiers, a former Ontario Premier and Brian Mulroney applied a lot of pressure on the new leader to form alliance. The leader finally broke his promise and formed the alliance in 2003. Organizational and leadership change played a key role in the merger (Harmel Janda, 1994). Works Cited Bernard, Andrà ©. â€Å"Liberals and Conservatives in the 1990s.† Canadian Parties in Transition. Ed. Brian Tanguay and Alain-G. Gagnon. Scarborough: Nelson Canada, 1996. 73-88. Print. Blais, Andrà ©, Elisabeth Gidengil, Richard Nadeau, and Neil Nevitte. Anatomy of a Liberal Victory: Making Sense of the Vote in the 2000 Canadian Election. Peterborough: Broadview Press. 2002. Print. Brimelow, Peter. The Patriot Game. Toronto: Porter Books, 1986.Print. Harmel, Robert, and Janda, Kenneth. â€Å"An Integrated Theory of Party Goals and Party Change.† Journal of Theoretical Politics 6 (1994): 259-287. Print. Johnston, Richard, Andrà © Blais, Elisabeth Gidengil, and Neil Nevitte. The challenge of Direct Democracy: The 1992 Canadian Referendum. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1996. Print. Jenson, Jane and Susan Phillips. â€Å"Regime Shift: New Citizenship Practices in Canada.† International Journal of Canadian Studies 14 (1996):111–35. Print. Manning, Preston. The New Canada. Canada: Macmillan, 1992. P167. Print. Schofield, Norman, Gary Miller, and Andrew Martin. â€Å"Critical Elections and Political Realignment in America: 1860-2000.† Political St udies 51 (2003): 217-240. Print. Woolstencroft, Peter. â€Å"Some Battles Won, War Lost: The Campaign of the Progressive Conservative Party.† In Jon H. Pammett and Christopher Dornan. 2001. Print This research paper on What factors contributed to the division of Canada’s political right into two seperate political parties was written and submitted by user Eli Reyes to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How to Write a Prompt Sample Essay

How to Write a Prompt Sample EssayA prompt sample essay is very simple to write and your classmates will not be able to put you off. It is a great way to get yourself to the next level in life. When writing your own prompt sample essays, you should ensure that they are of a high standard. The reason why you need to be careful with the topic is because you can easily end up writing a poor essay.The first thing you need to do is ensure that you are setting high standards for yourself. Always strive to write an essay of a high standard and always find the right words. For instance, when writing the subheading for your prompt sample essay, ensure that you have one good sentence, two sentences with a few words to describe the subject matter, one strong argument and a couple of anecdotes. You may consider using a word processor and keeping an outline or notebook. If you use any sort of software, ensure that it is one that gives you the necessary guidance in formatting your paper.Never set the expectation too high with regards to how much time it will take to write a good essay. You must remember that you will be applying for scholarships and most likely there will be someone who has already written an essay as well. If you are able to get all the information to hand, you could easily answer their queries or challenge them when they try to correct something on the topic.The key is to keep your emotions out of it and set high standards. It is also vital that you understand that you will not be able to write anything extremely original if you are able to get all the information that you need to hand and work on this paper during the daytime. This is because you will be required to produce a resume for you to be able to get an interview for future job offers.However, if you do manage to find a good topic and get all the information, the only way to answer all the questions that you will be asked is to put your hand in your wallet and write your prompt sample essay. This is a really important step to help you show what you are capable of. Without this, you will not be able to showcase your skills and abilities.Once you write your prompt sample essay, ensure that you do not take too long to complete it. As previously mentioned, you will be required to submit a resume to the company in order to receive an interview. The more articles you can write, the better. Take your time with this and you will be well on your way to getting a scholarship or an interview.Writing essays at college entrance exams is one of the most difficult tasks. This is why it is important to ensure that you are able to do this and you will be well on your way to getting into the right college or university.

General Classification of Main Essay Types The Top 10

General Classification of Main Essay Types The Top 10 What is an essay? Interestingly, but the majority of students gets confused or even stressed the very moment they are  asked to come up with this piece of academic work. Firstly, an essay evaluates an issue, with the purpose to present your personal academic opinion on a given subject. Secondly, each type of writing is designed to convey a certain message and perform a certain function. Thirdly, you have to take various viewpoints into account, organize them properly reflect the informed opinion on the topic.   offers premium quality services in writing different types of essays. You will get top-quality writing, done in strict accordance with your requirements.  Order now  and save your time! 10 Most Common Essay Types to Feel Quite at Home in Academic Setting Descriptive Essay  |  Definition Essay  |  Compare and Contrast Essay  |  Cause and Effect  |  Narrative Essay  |  Process Essay  |  Argumentative Essay  |  Critical Essay  |  Expository Essay  |  Persuasive Essay An essay is like an empty canvas. So, fill it with vivid and clear ideas! Vivid picture + clear understanding are your top priorities. These Are the  Top Types of Essay Writing #1 Descriptive Essay, or What’s This? A descriptive essay describes whatever one likes, sees, feels, makes or how it works, happens, sounds, tastes, smells – from the beautiful flower in a vase to the process of honey-making by bees.  Descriptive essays provide every sensory detail of what is actually described. DESCRIPTIVE ESSAY EXAMPLE #2 Definition Essays, or Love Is†¦ A definition essay defines the true meaning + importance of abstract concepts, timeless values, specific terms. Definition essays explain deeper more directly than dictionaries. Here are TOP-7 effective transitions for definition: speaking about (this), in other words, (or) rather, moreover, in fact, on the one/the other hand, above all. GET IDEA TO WRITE YOUR DEFINITION ESSAY #3 Compare Contrast Essays, or Spot the Difference/Similarity! A compare/contrast essay explores either differences or similarities (likenesses) between 2 places, religions, people, things, concepts, etc.  Comparison/contrast essays focus on the similarities and/or differences, which is done to convince or entertain the reader. A compare essay reviews the similarities, a contrast essay reviews the differences. TOP 30 TOPICS FOR COMPARE AND CONTRAST ESSAY   #4 Cause Effect Essays, or How It Comes A cause/effect essay explains the way why things happen, how it comes what follows next.  Cause/effect essays resemble a study of how it all began what will be the conclusion of all this. This type of essays may address either causes effects tied together, or each of them alone. For example, 3 effects as a result of 1 cause or 3 causes resulting in 1 effect. Here are TOP-7 effective transitions for cause-and-effect: for the (simple) reason that, due to (the fact that), whatever happens, in case, even/only if, as a result (of this), thus/consequently/therefore.   READ A SAMPLE OF A CAUSE AND EFFECT ESSAY #5 Narrative Essays, or One Night I Fell to Thinking of the Past†¦ A narrative essay always tells a story about a single personal experience – either a boring party or an exciting sightseeing excursion, daily routine event or life-shaping voyage.  Narrative essays are generally written in the 1st person, using ‘I’. #6 Process Essays, or Step-by-Step Guide A process essay typically guides on how to do this or that, how this or that is done. It’s a walkthrough, the so-called ‘stepwise refinement’.  Process essays work out in detail, demonstrating specific actions/giving specific instructions to be performed in a series. Here are TOP-7 effective transitions for process discussion: in the (first, second, etc.) place, initially, next, eventually, last but not least, finally, in conclusion. #7 Argumentative Essays, or 5 Watertight Arguments Why You Should  Learn to Write Essays An argumentative essay functions as a means for a writer to get a solid argument across to a reader. The purpose of this type of essay is to express an argument in order  to sway the reader to see the topic  through the author’s point of view. It is a useful type of essay for students of any educational level because it is good practice to not only argue a case but also to articulate one’s thoughts on a certain matter. This type of essay uses stern language, solid facts, and undeniable examples as proof that the argument is immaculate. Without these features, the argumentative essay ceases to flow well and comes across as weak.  A good argumentative writer has a solid sense of what he or she believes should be said in any situation. They also have an organized idea of how to articulate the argument against possible opposing ideas. ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY TOPICS #8 Critical Essays, or The Court Delivers a Verdict A critical essay brings somebody or something into focus, analyzing the strengths or weaknesses of things, events, people, etc. Critical essays discuss how well the work is done whether its creator has managed the task by conveying the message in his/her book, film, painting. Here are TOP-7 effective transitions for criticism: frankly speaking, with attention to, important to realize, another key point, first thing to remember, most compelling evidence, on the positive/negative side CRITICAL ESSAY #9 Expository Essay An expository essay is an essay that requires extensive research on an idea or issue. The writer must present an  evaluation of the issue and the conclusion based on  his or her findings. One of the functions of  this essay format is to learn how to conduct a  research. Research requires a certain set of skills. It takes a lot of practice to obtain them.  Students may want to draw from their own experiences when discussing certain issues they write about. But through expository essay writing, students will find out,  that doing research can be rewarding. Expository essay writing brings a new light to an aspect or idea they probably would not have come to on their own. Expository essays are opinion based essays, so there are no wrong answers when presenting it. However, expect this essay type to be at least 5 paragraphs in length. READ A SAMPLE OF AN EXPOSITORY ESSAY #10 Persuasive Essay Unlike the argumentative essay, the persuasive essay’s main purpose is to persuade readers towards the authors case. Argumentative essays express an argument or opinion. They are not meant to change the reader’s perspective. Most persuasive essays focus on current issues and what people should do about them. Persuasive essays can be  really challenging. Students must show confidence and authority in their writing. They must come across as credible writers. When a persuasive essay loses its credibility, it will ultimately lose the reader. In everyday life situations, charm allows a person to easily persuade another one. Since a persuasive essay is a written piece, it lacks that personal connection. So, the writer should present strong views to sway their readers and do not come across as pushy. Most writers and persuasive essay authors are able to find their own personal connection to their readers through their writing experience. Many students find this as a challenge early on, but with practice and guidance, they soon write persuasive essays naturally. 30 IDEAS FOR PERSUASIVE ESSAY TOPICS is your one-stop shop when it comes to different types of writing. Various types of essay, any complexity level, any length, a number of pages and formatting we are the ones who are ready to help. We are in this business since 2005 and we know how to write standing out  essays. Pick any of our top writers and you will get a paper that stands out! Order now and we will get right to the job!

Haber-Bosch Process Information

Haber-Bosch Process Information The Haber process or Haber-Bosch process is the primary industrial method used to make ammonia or fix nitrogen. The Haber process reacts nitrogen and hydrogen gas to form ammonia: N2   3 H2  Ã¢â€ â€™ 2 NH3  Ã‚  (ΔH −92.4 kJ ·mol−1) History of the Haber Process Fritz Haber, a German chemist, and Robert Le Rossignol, a British chemist,  demonstrated the first ammonia synthesis process in 1909. They formed ammonia drop by drop from pressurized air.  However, the technology did not exist to extend the pressure required in this tabletop apparatus to commercial production. Carl  Bosch, an engineer at BASF, resolved the engineering problems associated with industrial ammonia production.  BASFs German Oppau  plant commenced ammonia production in 1913. How the Haber-Bosch Process Works Habers original process made ammonia from air. The industrial Haber-Bosch process mixes nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas in a pressure vessel that contains a special catalyst to speed the reaction. From a thermodynamic standpoint, the reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen favors the product at room temperature and pressure, but the reaction does not generate much ammonia. The reaction is exothermic; at increased temperature and atmospheric pressure, the equilibrium quickly switches to the other direction. The catalyst and increased pressure are the scientific magic behind the process. Boschs original catalyst was osmium, but BASF quickly settled upon a less-expensive iron-based catalyst which is still in use today. Some modern processes employ a ruthenium catalyst, which is more active than the iron catalyst. Although Bosch originally electrolyzed water to obtain hydrogen, the modern version of the process uses natural gas to obtain methane, which is processed to get hydrogen gas. It is estimated that 3-5 percent of the worlds natural gas production goes toward the Haber process. The gases pass over the catalyst bed  multiple times since conversion to ammonia is only around 15 percent each time. By the end of the process, about 97 percent conversion of nitrogen and hydrogen to ammonia is achieved. Importance of the Haber Process Some people consider the Haber process to be the most important invention of the past 200 years! The primary reason the Haber process is important is because ammonia is used as a plant fertilizer, enabling farmers to grow enough crops to support an ever-increasing world population. The Haber process supplies  500 million tons (453 billion kilograms) of nitrogen-based fertilizer annually, which is estimated to support food for a third of the people on Earth. There are negative associations with the Haber process, too. In World War I, the ammonia was used to produce nitric acid to manufacture  munitions. Some argue the population explosion, for better or worse, would not have happened without the increased food available because of the fertilizer. Also, the release of nitrogen compounds has had a negative environmental impact. References Enriching the Earth: Fritz Haber, Carl Bosch, and the Transformation of World Food Production,  Vaclav Smil  (2001)  ISBN 0-262-19449-X. US Environmental Protection Agency: Human Alteration of the Global Nitrogen Cycle: Causes and Consequences by Peter M. Vitousek, Chair, John Aber, Robert W. Howarth, Gene E. Likens, Pamela A. Matson, David W. Schindler, William H. Schlesinger, and G. David Tilman Fritz Haber Biography, Nobel e-Museum, retrieved October 4, 2013.